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Drug testing and analysis2024; doi: 10.1002/dta.3772

Detection of nonsteroidal and steroidal selective androgen receptor modulators in equine hair after oral administrations.

Abstract: This paper describes the detections of nonsteroidal and steroidal selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs), namely, RAD140 and YK-11, in mane hair collected from horses having been orally administered with the respective drugs. SARMs are potent anabolic agents with a high potential of misuse in horseracing and equestrian sports, and the misuses of RAD140 and YK-11 in human sports have been reported. To better control the misuse of RAD140 and YK-11 in horses, two separate oral administration studies of RAD140 (0.3 mg/kg daily for 3 days) and YK-11 (0.2 mg/kg daily for 3 days) were previously conducted to investigate their metabolism and to identify target analyte(s) with the longest detection time in urine and plasma for doping control. In this work, segmental analyses of post-administration hair samples have revealed that (i) RAD140 and YK-11 could be detected in horse mane after oral administration and (ii) internal incorporation of RAD140 into hair via bloodstream and external incorporation through sweat or sebum were both observed, whereas YK-11 was primarily incorporated into hair via sweat or sebum.
© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2024-07-12 PubMed ID: 39001560DOI: 10.1002/dta.3772Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article discusses a study on the detection of potent anabolic agents, specifically RAD140 and YK-11, in the hair of horses that were orally administered with these substances. The intent was to improve controls on their misuse in horse racing and equestrian sports.

Study Overview

This paper presents the results of an experiment where horses were orally given nonsteroidal and steroidal selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs), specifically RAD140 and YK-11, in order to understand their metabolism better and create more effective doping controls.

  • The researchers wanted to identify the analytes with the longest detection time in urine and plasma, and observe the behavior of these substances in hair samples.

Substances under Study

The objective was to better control the misuse of two specific SARMs, RAD140 and YK-11, substances that have previously been reported as misused in human sports.

  • RAD140 and YK-11 are potent anabolic agents. Anabolic agents are substances that promote cell growth, and are often used illegally to enhance performance in sports.
  • The horses were administered RAD140 at 0.3 mg/kg daily for three days and YK-11 at 0.2 mg/kg daily over the same period.

Key Findings

After the administration of the said drugs, the researchers examined hair samples from the mane of the horses.

  • It was found that both RAD140 and YK-11 could be detected in the hair after oral administration.
  • The study revealed that RAD140 entered the hair both internally (via the bloodstream) and externally (through sweat or sebum). Sebum is an oily substance secreted by the skin’s sebaceous glands, which helps to keep the skin and hair moisturized.
  • Unlike RAD140, the incorporation of YK-11 into hair was primarily external, via sweat or sebum.

Implication of Findings

The findings of this research could assist in better control of doping in equine sports, specifically horse racing. The ability to detect these substances in hair samples offers a new avenue for policing their misuse. However, this would depend on the development of reliable and valid testing methods based on this research.

Cite This Article

APA
So YM, Kong FK, Kwok WH, Kwok KY, Wan TSM, Ho EN. (2024). Detection of nonsteroidal and steroidal selective androgen receptor modulators in equine hair after oral administrations. Drug Test Anal. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.3772

Publication

Drug testing and analysis
ISSN: 1942-7611
NlmUniqueID: 101483449
Country: England
Language: English

Researcher Affiliations

So, Yat-Ming
  • Racing Laboratory, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Sha Tin Racecourse, Sha Tin, N. T, Hong Kong, China.
Kong, Fred Ka-Wai
  • Racing Laboratory, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Sha Tin Racecourse, Sha Tin, N. T, Hong Kong, China.
Kwok, Wai Him
  • Racing Laboratory, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Sha Tin Racecourse, Sha Tin, N. T, Hong Kong, China.
Kwok, Karen Ying
  • Racing Laboratory, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Sha Tin Racecourse, Sha Tin, N. T, Hong Kong, China.
Wan, Terence See Ming
  • Racing Laboratory, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Sha Tin Racecourse, Sha Tin, N. T, Hong Kong, China.
Ho, Emmie Ngai-Man
  • Racing Laboratory, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Sha Tin Racecourse, Sha Tin, N. T, Hong Kong, China.

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