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Home / Equine Research Bank / Arch Virol / Difference in growth behavior of human, swine, equine, and a...
Archives of virology1988; 100(3-4); 231-244; doi: 10.1007/BF01487686

Difference in growth behavior of human, swine, equine, and avian influenza viruses at a high temperature.

Abstract: Growth characteristics of a wide range of influenza A viruses from different mammals and bird species were examined in an established line of canine kidney (MDCK) cells at an ordinary (37 degrees C) and a high temperature (42 degrees C). Although all viruses employed in the present study possessed a capability of replicating at 37 degrees C, virus growth at 42 degrees C showed considerable variation and reflected differences in the natural hosts of the isolates. All reference strains and isolates from bird species grew well in the MDCK cells maintained at 42 degrees C, but human viruses did not, showing an asymmetrical growth behavior. In contrast to this, growth of swine and equine viruses showed growth characteristics intermediate between human and avian viruses. Of the two swine viruses examined, replication of one strain occurred equally well at both temperatures and another failed to grow at 42 degrees C. Similarly, two of the three equine viruses tested belonging to H3N8 antigenic subtypes grew at 42 degrees C. However, the results obtained from comparison of plaque sizes and growth curves indicated that the replication of the above swine and equine viruses was restricted under a stringent temperature when compared to avian viruses. The detailed analysis of cloned viruses revealed that some of the swine and equine viruses contained two variants which are readily distinguished by growth behavior at 42 degrees C. Genome analysis of parental and virus clones by oligonucleotide mapping and migration profiles of RNA segments did not detect any differences among the above variants exhibiting the asymmetrical growth characteristics at 42 degrees C.
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Publication Date: 1988-01-01 PubMed ID: 3401117DOI: 10.1007/BF01487686Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Comparative Study
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article discusses the varying growth behaviors of influenza A viruses in different species at two different temperatures (37 and 42 degrees Celsius). The focus is on how these behaviors differ across human, swine, equine, and avian virus strains, particularly finding that non-avian strains experience stunted growth at higher temperatures.

Experimental Setup

  • The researchers examined the growth characteristics of various influenza A viruses, all sourced from different mammalian and bird species.
  • These viruses were observed in an established line of canine kidney cells, also known as MDCK cells.
  • Two temperature conditions were used for the experiment: a typical body temperature of 37 degrees Celsius, and a higher temperature of 42 degrees Celsius.

Results

  • All viral strains were capable of replicating at 37 degrees Celsius, indicating normal growth behavior under typical bodily conditions.
  • However, at the higher temperature of 42 degrees Celsius, growth behaviors varied considerably across species. This variation reflected the differences in the natural hosts of the virus isolates.
  • All avian virus strains showed significant growth even at 42 degrees Celsius, suggesting a higher resilience to extreme temperatures in comparison to other species.
  • Human viral strains did not grow well at the higher temperature, demonstrating an asymmetrical growth behavior, whereby conditions greatly affected growth.
  • Swine and equine viruses displayed intermediate growth characteristics compared to human and avian viruses.
  • Different strains within the same species also showed varying growth behaviors. For instance, one swine virus strain replicated well at both temperatures, while another failed to grow at 42 degrees Celsius. Similarly, only two out of three equine viruses tested grew at the higher temperature.

Analysis of Virus Variants

  • The researchers conducted a detailed analysis of variant swine and equine viruses and identified two types which illustrated significant differences in growth behavior at the higher temperature.
  • Despite these growth differences, no variances were detected in genome analysis, including oligonucleotide mapping and migration profiles of RNA segments, among the different virus variants exhibiting the asymmetrical growth behaviors at 42 degrees Celsius.

Key Findings and Potential Implications

  • The research findings suggest that temperature potentially plays a crucial role in the growth behavior of influenza viruses, impacting the ability of the virus to reproduce under high-temperature conditions.
  • These findings might have significant implications in understanding the spread and control of similar viral strains in diverse host species and could pave the way for future research on the effects of temperature on virus growth and development.

Cite This Article

APA
Murakami Y, Nerome K, Yoshioka Y, Mizuno S, Oya A. (1988). Difference in growth behavior of human, swine, equine, and avian influenza viruses at a high temperature. Arch Virol, 100(3-4), 231-244. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01487686

Publication

Archives of virology
ISSN: 0304-8608
NlmUniqueID: 7506870
Country: Austria
Language: English
Volume: 100
Issue: 3-4
Pages: 231-244

Researcher Affiliations

Murakami, Y
  • Department of Antibiotics, National Institute of Health, Tokyo, Japan.
Nerome, K
    Yoshioka, Y
      Mizuno, S
        Oya, A

          MeSH Terms

          • Animals
          • Cell Line
          • Genes, Viral
          • Horses
          • Humans
          • Influenza A virus / genetics
          • Influenza A virus / growth & development
          • RNA, Viral / genetics
          • Temperature
          • Viral Plaque Assay

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          Citations

          This article has been cited 5 times.
          1. Richard M, Herfst S, Tao H, Jacobs NT, Lowen AC. Influenza A Virus Reassortment Is Limited by Anatomical Compartmentalization following Coinfection via Distinct Routes.. J Virol 2018 Mar 1;92(5).
            doi: 10.1128/JVI.02063-17pubmed: 29212934google scholar: lookup
          2. Lang V, Marjuki H, Krauss SL, Webby RJ, Webster RG. Different incubation temperatures affect viral polymerase activity and yields of low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses in embryonated chicken eggs.. Arch Virol 2011 Jun;156(6):987-94.
            doi: 10.1007/s00705-011-0933-zpubmed: 21302122google scholar: lookup
          3. Aggarwal S, Bradel-Tretheway B, Takimoto T, Dewhurst S, Kim B. Biochemical characterization of enzyme fidelity of influenza A virus RNA polymerase complex.. PLoS One 2010 Apr 29;5(4):e10372.
            doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0010372pubmed: 20454455google scholar: lookup
          4. Rodriguez A, Pérez-González A, Hossain MJ, Chen LM, Rolling T, Pérez-Breña P, Donis R, Kochs G, Nieto A. Attenuated strains of influenza A viruses do not induce degradation of RNA polymerase II.. J Virol 2009 Nov;83(21):11166-74.
            doi: 10.1128/JVI.01439-09pubmed: 19692472google scholar: lookup
          5. Bradel-Tretheway BG, Kelley Z, Chakraborty-Sett S, Takimoto T, Kim B, Dewhurst S. The human H5N1 influenza A virus polymerase complex is active in vitro over a broad range of temperatures, in contrast to the WSN complex, and this property can be attributed to the PB2 subunit.. J Gen Virol 2008 Dec;89(Pt 12):2923-2932.
            doi: 10.1099/vir.0.2008/006254-0pubmed: 19008377google scholar: lookup
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