Distribution of influenza virus sialoreceptors on upper and lower respiratory tract in horses and dogs.
Abstract: It is strongly suspected that equine influenza virus (EIV) is the origin of canine influenza virus (CIV, H3N8), which was first isolated in U.S.A. in 2004, on the basis of phylogenetic analyses. Although the distribution of influenza virus sialoreceptors seems to be associated with this interspecies transmission, there have been scant data of comparison about distributions of sialoreceptors on the whole respiratory tract between horses and dogs. We examined the histological distribution of influenza virus sialoreceptors on the upper and lower respiratory tract in detail in both animals using double lectin staining with Maackia amurensis (specific for SAα2,3Gal) and Sambucus sieboldiana (specific for SAα2,6Gal). SAα2,3Gal was observed on the surface of ciliated epithelial cells in the nasal mucosa, trachea and bronchus in both animals. The results may indicate that dogs are susceptible to EIV without alteration of receptor binding specificity.
Publication Date: 2010-08-25 PubMed ID: 20805638DOI: 10.1292/jvms.10-0276Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The research focused on studying the distribution of influenza virus sialoreceptors in horses and dogs which could explain the interspecies transmission, particularly how the equine influenza virus (EIV) was believed to be the source of canine influenza virus (CIV, H3N8).
Background study and Objectives
- This study was based on a strong suspicion that the equine influenza virus, or EIV, was the origin of the canine influenza virus – CIV (H3N8), first isolated in the United States in 2004.
- This link was hypothesized based on phylogenetic analyses, which is the study of evolutionary relationships among groups of organisms.
- It was noted that the distribution of influenza virus sialoreceptors, a type of receptor to which influenza viruses adhere, was potentially integral to this interspecies transmission. However, data comparing sialoreceptor distributions throughout the respiratory tract in both horses and dogs was previously lacking.
Research Approach and Methodology
- This research aimed at building this comparative data by examining the histological distribution of influenza virus sialoreceptors in the upper and lower respiratory tract in dogs and horses.
- The researchers used double lectin staining, a technique used to demonstrate specific carbohydrate residues in tissue sections, with the lectins Maackia amurensis (specific for SAα2,3Gal sialoreceptor) and Sambucus sieboldiana (specific for SAα2,6Gal sialoreceptor).
Findings
- The SAα2,3Gal sialoreceptor was observed on the surface of ciliated epithelial cells in the nasal mucosa, trachea, and bronchus in both animals.
Implications
- The results of this study indicated that dogs could be susceptible to the equine influenza virus without any change in receptor binding specificity. This discovery could explain how H3N8, originally an equine virus, managed to jump species and infect dogs.
- This brings important understanding to the field of interspecies transmission of influenza viruses and could influence further study in other species or disease types.
Cite This Article
APA
Muranaka M, Yamanaka T, Katayama Y, Hidari K, Kanazawa H, Suzuki T, Oku K, Oyamada T.
(2010).
Distribution of influenza virus sialoreceptors on upper and lower respiratory tract in horses and dogs.
J Vet Med Sci, 73(1), 125-127.
https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.10-0276 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Epizootic Research Center, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi, Japan. masanori_muranaka@jra.go.jp
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Dogs
- Female
- Horses / physiology
- Influenza A virus / physiology
- Male
- Receptors, Virus / metabolism
- Respiratory System / metabolism
Citations
This article has been cited 7 times.- Abdelwhab EM, Mettenleiter TC. Zoonotic Animal Influenza Virus and Potential Mixing Vessel Hosts.. Viruses 2023 Apr 16;15(4).
- Wu M, Su R, Gu Y, Yu Y, Li S, Sun H, Pan L, Cui X, Zhu X, Yang Q, Liu Y, Xu F, Li M, Liu Y, Qu X, Wu J, Liao M, Sun H. Molecular Characteristics, Antigenicity, Pathogenicity, and Zoonotic Potential of a H3N2 Canine Influenza Virus Currently Circulating in South China.. Front Microbiol 2021;12:628979.
- Kuchipudi SV, Nelli RK, Gontu A, Satyakumar R, Surendran Nair M, Subbiah M. Sialic Acid Receptors: The Key to Solving the Enigma of Zoonotic Virus Spillover.. Viruses 2021 Feb 8;13(2).
- Chen Y, Mo YN, Zhou HB, Wei ZZ, Wang GJ, Yu QX, Xiao X, Yang WJ, Huang WJ. Emergence of human-like H3N2 influenza viruses in pet dogs in Guangxi, China.. Virol J 2015 Feb 3;12:10.
- Yang X, Liu C, Liu F, Liu D, Chen Y, Zhang H, Qu L, Li Y, Xia D, Liu M. Identification and genetic characterization of avian-origin H3N2 canine influenza viruses isolated from the Liaoning province of China in 2012.. Virus Genes 2014 Oct;49(2):342-7.
- Muranaka M, Yamanaka T, Katayama Y, Niwa H, Oku K, Matsumura T, Oyamada T. Time-related Pathological Changes in Horses Experimentally Inoculated with Equine Influenza A Virus.. J Equine Sci 2012;23(2):17-26.
- Baz M, Paskel M, Matsuoka Y, Zengel J, Cheng X, Jin H, Subbarao K. Replication and immunogenicity of swine, equine, and avian h3 subtype influenza viruses in mice and ferrets.. J Virol 2013 Jun;87(12):6901-10.
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