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International journal of molecular sciences2024; 25(24); 13318; doi: 10.3390/ijms252413318

Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus: The Importance of Metabolism and Aging.

Abstract: Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) is a mosquito-transmitted alphavirus that, among humans, can cause a severe and often fatal illness. The zoonotic EEEV enzootic cycle involves a cycle of transmission between and avian hosts, frequently resulting in spillover to dead-end vertebrate hosts such as humans and horses. Interestingly, it has been described that the W132G mutation of the very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR), the receptor of EEEV, significantly enhanced the VLDLR-mediated cell attachment of EEEV. The patient's metabolism plays a pivotal role in shaping the complex landscape of viral zoonosis. EEEV represents a significant public health concern due to its severe clinical outcomes, challenging epidemiological characteristics, and certain risk factors that heighten susceptibility among specific populations or age groups. Age is one of several predictors that can impact the outcome of EEEV infection; juvenile animals appear to be particularly vulnerable to severe disease. This has also been observed in natural infections, as children are often the most severely impacted humans. The aim of this piece is to shed light on the intricate relationship between human metabolism and the Eastern equine encephalitis virus.
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Publication Date: 2024-12-12 PubMed ID: 39769082PubMed Central: PMC11680025DOI: 10.3390/ijms252413318Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article discusses the significance of metabolism and aging in the Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV), a mosquito-borne virus that can cause severe illness in humans. The article particularly focuses on the effect of a mutation in the VLDLR receptor, which EEEV uses to attach to cells, and the susceptibility of certain population groups, such as children and those with metabolic factors.

Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus and its Mechanism

  • EEEV is an alphavirus transmitted by mosquitoes that can cause severe and often fatal diseases in humans.
  • Its transmission cycle typically involves transmission between mosquitoes and avian hosts. It can occasionally “spill over” into other vertebrate hosts that don’t further its transmission, such as humans and horses.
  • This spillover causes the disease among humans and represents a significant public health concern.

W132G Mutation and Its Impact

  • A mutation known as the W132G mutation in the very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR), which EEEV uses to attach to cells, has been observed to enhance EEEV’s attachment to cells.
  • This impact of this mutation on EEEV infection and diseases progression is a focus of this research. It could provide clues to the differing severities of disease seen among different patients.

Role of Metabolism in Disease Progression

  • The patient’s metabolism plays a crucial role in the complexity of viral zoonosis, particularly with regards to EEEV.
  • Understanding the interaction between an individual’s metabolism and EEEV could potentially explain why some people are more susceptible to severe disease.

Influence of Age on Susceptibility to EEEV

  • Age has been identified as a significant predictor of the outcome of EEEV infection.
  • Young animals and children have been found to be particularly vulnerable to severe EEEV disease. This aspect of age as a risk factor is a key area of focus in this research.

Objective of the Research

  • The aim of this research is to further understand the complex relationship between human metabolism, aging, and EEEV.
  • By doing so, it hopes to shed light on why certain populations are more susceptible to severe disease and improve public health strategies to tackle EEEV.

Cite This Article

APA
Kordowitzki P. (2024). Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus: The Importance of Metabolism and Aging. Int J Mol Sci, 25(24), 13318. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252413318

Publication

International journal of molecular sciences
ISSN: 1422-0067
NlmUniqueID: 101092791
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 25
Issue: 24
PII: 13318

Researcher Affiliations

Kordowitzki, Pawel
  • Department of Preclinical and Basic Sciences, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland.
  • Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Humans
  • Aging / metabolism
  • Aging / physiology
  • Encephalitis Virus, Eastern Equine / metabolism
  • Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine / metabolism
  • Encephalomyelitis, Eastern Equine / virology
  • Encephalomyelitis, Equine / virology
  • Horses / virology

Grant Funding

  • 75/2022 / IDUB Nicolaus Copernicu University

Conflict of Interest Statement

The author declares no conflicts of interest.

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Citations

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