Effect of intrathecal amikacin administration and repeated centesis on digital flexor tendon sheath synovial fluid in horses.
Abstract: To determine the effect of intrathecal amikacin administration and repeated tenovaginocentesis on the total nucleated cell count (TNCC), total protein (TP) concentration and cytologic characteristics of synovial fluid of the equine digital flexor tendon sheath (DFTS). Methods: Randomized, cross-over experimental design. Methods: Adult horses (n=8). Methods: Synovial fluid was aseptically collected from the DFTS and either 1 mL amikacin sulfate (250 mg/mL) or lactated Ringer's solution (LRS) was injected into the DFTS. Serial synovial fluid samples were obtained at 0, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours. The opposite treatment was administered to the contralateral DFTS after a washout period of 2 weeks. Results: Treatment increased TP concentration, TNCC, percentage of neutrophils, and neutrophil counts from baseline levels. There was no difference between treatment of the DFTS with amikacin or LRS. Values peaked at 12-24 hours after the initial centesis and then declined toward baseline levels. Conclusions: Injection and repeat centesis of the normal DFTS with 250 mg amikacin or an equivalent volume of LRS resulted in mild increases in synovial fluid analytes from baseline. Synovial inflammation in this study was not accompanied by lameness at the walk and measured analytes returned toward baseline levels within 12-24 hours of first injection. Conclusions: The effect of tenovaginocentesis and intrathecal administration of amikacin or LRS on DFTS synovial fluid values are modest in most horses; however, some horses can develop marked increases in synovial fluid values that may be interpreted as sepsis.
Publication Date: 2007-01-12 PubMed ID: 17214821DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.2007.00235.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
The research aimed to analyze the impact of delivering amikacin and repeated tenovaginocentesis on characteristics of synovial fluid in horses’ digital flexor tendon sheath (DFTS). It was found that these treatments led to mild increases in synovial fluid components from base levels, but these returned to normal within a day of the initial injection.
Methodology
- The research was performed on adult horses in a randomized, cross-over experimental design. Those studied were eight in total.
- For the experiment, synovial fluid was extracted from DFTS in a sterile manner. Following this, either 1 mL of amikacin sulfate (250 mg/mL) or lactated Ringer’s solution (LRS) was injected into the DFTS.
- Afterwards, serial synovial fluid samples were taken at specific intervals (0, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours).
- To test the contrasting treatment, it was administered to the contralateral DFTS after leaving an interval of two weeks to cleanse the system.
Results
- The treatment led to augmented TP concentration, TNCC, the percentage of neutrophils, and neutrophil counts compared to the initial levels.
- However, no significant difference was found in the DFTS when treated with amikacin or LRS.
- The study discovered that values spiked between 12-24 hours after the first injection before decreasing toward baseline levels.
Conclusions
- The tests conducted established that injecting the normal DFTS with 250 mg of amikacin or an equivalent volume of LRS led to a minor increase in synovial fluid levels from the baseline.
- It was also noteworthy that the inflammation in the synovial fluid caused as a result of these tests was not marked by lameness in the horse and the increased values declined toward base levels within 12-24 hours of the first injection.
- The overall impact of tenovaginocentesis and administering amikacin or LRS intrathecally on the DFTS synovial fluid values was minor in most horses. Yet, in some horses, there was a significant increase in synovial fluid values, which could be mistaken as signs of sepsis.
Cite This Article
APA
Dykgraaf S, Dechant JE, Johns JL, Christopher MM, Bolt DM, Snyder JR.
(2007).
Effect of intrathecal amikacin administration and repeated centesis on digital flexor tendon sheath synovial fluid in horses.
Vet Surg, 36(1), 57-63.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950X.2007.00235.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital and the Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. sdykgraaf@ucdavis.edu
MeSH Terms
- Amikacin / administration & dosage
- Amikacin / therapeutic use
- Animals
- Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage
- Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
- Area Under Curve
- Cross-Over Studies
- Female
- Horse Diseases / drug therapy
- Horses
- Intubation, Intratracheal / veterinary
- Lameness, Animal / drug therapy
- Male
- Neutrophils
- Proteins / analysis
- Synovial Fluid / chemistry
- Synovial Fluid / cytology
- Tendon Injuries
- Tenosynovitis / drug therapy
- Tenosynovitis / veterinary
- Time Factors
- Treatment Outcome
Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Panizzi L, Dittmer KE, Vignes M, Doucet JS, Gedye K, Waterland MR, Rogers CW, Sano H, McIlwraith CW, Riley CB. Plasma and Synovial Fluid Cell-Free DNA Concentrations Following Induction of Osteoarthritis in Horses.. Animals (Basel) 2023 Mar 14;13(6).
- Vajs T, Nekouei O, Biermann NM. A Descriptive Study of the Clinical Presentation, Management, and Outcome of Horses with Acute Soft Tissue Trauma of the Tarsus and the Association with Synovial Involvement.. Animals (Basel) 2022 Feb 21;12(4).
- Redpath A, Hallowell GD, Bowen IM. Use of aminoglycoside antibiotics in equine clinical practice; a questionnaire-based study of current use.. Vet Med Sci 2021 Mar;7(2):279-288.
- Sinovich M, Villarino NF, Singer E, Robinson CS, Rubio-Martínez LM. Can blood serum amyloid A concentrations in horses differentiate synovial sepsis from extrasynovial inflammation and determine response to treatment?. Vet Rec 2020 Sep 19;187(6):235.
- Andreassen SM, Vinther AML, Nielsen SS, Andersen PH, Tnibar A, Kristensen AT, Jacobsen S. Changes in concentrations of haemostatic and inflammatory biomarkers in synovial fluid after intra-articular injection of lipopolysaccharide in horses.. BMC Vet Res 2017 Jun 19;13(1):182.
- Haltmayer E, Schwendenwein I, Licka TF. Course of serum amyloid A (SAA) plasma concentrations in horses undergoing surgery for injuries penetrating synovial structures, an observational clinical study.. BMC Vet Res 2017 May 22;13(1):137.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
