Effects of physical activity and other types of stress on catecholamine metabolism in various animal species.
Abstract: The investigation of catecholamine (CA) metabolism in animals subjected to various types of stress (different pain syndromes; cranial trauma; immobilization; cooling) and physical exercise shows considerable similarity among species in the sequence of changes, leading from the activation to the depletion of the sympathoadrenal system. The changes caused by physical exercise tend to be more pronounced in individuals with a genetic predisposition to greater stress responses. Stress adaption, induced by special training or by long-duration exposure to hypoxia, can substantially prevent the changes caused by physical exercise. Trained rats at rest show accelerated CA turnover, and after exercise, adaptive hypometabolic changes. Physical exercise causes both unspecific changes in CA metabolism, similar to those seen after other types of stress, and more specific ones, i.e., suppression of tissue CA synthesis and nonresponsiveness to exogenous L-tyrosine or L-DOPA. Adrenal CA synthesis could be restored in such animals by treatment with glucocorticoids and cyclic-AMP (c-AMP). The depression of CA synthesis after hard physical activity may be a mechanism for protecting the body from the injurious effect of the excessive CA release that would occur under stress.
Publication Date: 1984-01-01 PubMed ID: 6541242DOI: 10.1007/BF01254761Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
Summary
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The study explores the impact of physical activity and various stressors on the metabolism of catecholamines (CAs, a type of hormone) in different animal species. The research findings indicate that there are notable similarities across species in how these influences activate and then deplete the body’s sympathoadrenal system, which produces CAs. Moreover, the study reveals that physical activity tends to have more significant effects in those genetically inclined to greater stress responses.
Catecholamine Metabolism and Stress
- The research revolves around catecholamine (CA), a group of hormones produced by the body in response to stress. These include key hormones like adrenaline (epinephrine) and noradrenaline (norepinephrine).
- The study took into account various forms of stress, such as different pain syndromes, cranial trauma, immobilization, and cooling, along with physical exercise. All of these stimuli activate the sympathoadrenal system, which controls the production and release of CAs.
- The evidence indicates that there’s a considerable similarity among animal species in the sequence of biochemical changes that occur from the activation to the depletion of this system. In other words, different types of stress and physical exercise share a common pathway in terms of their impact on the body’s hormonal response.
Greater Impact in Individuals with Higher Stress Responses
- Investigation reveals that individuals with a genetic predisposition to larger stress responses tend to exhibit more pronounced changes in CA metabolism due to physical activity.
- Thus, the study suggests that genetics can influence how the body’s hormone system responds both to exercise and stress.
Effects of Stress Adaptation
- The paper discusses how stress adaptation, induced by specific training or long-duration exposure to low-oxygen conditions (hypoxia), can notably prevent the changes in CA metabolism caused by physical exercise.
- For example, restful trained rats demonstrate increased CA turnover and, following exercise, exhibit adaptive hypometabolic changes. Such adaptations might protect the body from the potential harm associated with significant shifts in CA metabolism.
Specific Changes Caused by Physical Exercise
- Physical exercise not only causes generic changes in CA metabolism but also leads to more specific ones, such as the suppression of tissue CA synthesis and nonresponsiveness to L-tyrosine or L-DOPA (precursors to catecholamines).
- However, the study showed that in physically taxed animals, adrenal CA synthesis could be restored by treatment with glucocorticoids and cyclic-AMP (c-AMP), indicating potential therapeutic strategies for rebalancing CA production.
- The depression of CA synthesis observed after intense physical activity might work as a defense mechanism, protecting the body from the harmful effect of excessive CA release under stress.
Cite This Article
APA
Matlina E.
(1984).
Effects of physical activity and other types of stress on catecholamine metabolism in various animal species.
J Neural Transm, 60(1), 11-18.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01254761 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Adaptation, Physiological
- Adrenal Medulla / metabolism
- Animals
- Brain / metabolism
- Catecholamines / blood
- Catecholamines / metabolism
- Catecholamines / urine
- Disease Susceptibility
- Fatigue / physiopathology
- Guinea Pigs
- Horses
- Humans
- Hypoxia / physiopathology
- Physical Exertion
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred Strains
- Stress, Physiological / metabolism
- Stress, Psychological / metabolism
References
This article includes 19 references
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Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Pagliari R, Peyrin L. Physical conditioning in rats influences the central and peripheral catecholamine responses to sustained exercise.. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1995;71(1):41-52.
- Sulakhe SJ, Pulga VB, Tran S. Hepatic alpha 1 and beta adrenergic receptors in various animal species.. Mol Cell Biochem 1988 Sep;83(1):81-8.
- Sagnol M, Claustre J, Cottet-Emard JM, Pequignot JM, Fellmann N, Coudert J, Peyrin L. Plasma free and sulphated catecholamines after ultra-long exercise and recovery.. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1990;60(2):91-7.
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