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Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2022; 11(4); 400; doi: 10.3390/pathogens11040400

Equid Alphaherpesvirus 1 Modulates Actin Cytoskeleton and Inhibits Migration of Glioblastoma Multiforme Cell Line A172.

Abstract: Equid alphaherpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) causes respiratory diseases, abortion, and neurological disorders in horses. Recently, the oncolytic potential of this virus and its possible use in anticancer therapy has been reported, but its influence on cytoskeleton was not evaluated yet. In the following study, we have examined disruptions in actin cytoskeleton of glioblastoma multiforme in vitro model-A172 cell line, caused by EHV-1 infection. We used three EHV-1 strains: two non-neuropathogenic (Jan-E and Rac-H) and one neuropathogenic (EHV-1 26). Immunofluorescent labelling, confocal microscopy, real-time cell growth analysis and Oris cell migration assay revealed disturbed migration of A172 cells infected with the EHV-1, probably due to rearrangement of actin cytoskeleton and the absence of cell projections. All tested strains caused disruption of the actin network and general depolymerization of microfilaments. The qPCR results confirmed the effective replication of EHV-1. Thus, we have demonstrated, for the first time, that EHV-1 infection leads to inhibition of proliferation and migration in A172 cells, which might be promising for new immunotherapy treatment.
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Publication Date: 2022-03-25 PubMed ID: 35456075PubMed Central: PMC9031356DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11040400Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research paper explores how a virus called Equid alphaherpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) that usually affects horses, can interfere with the growth and movement of cells in a type of brain cancer called glioblastoma multiforme. The study finds that the virus disrupts the structure of the cancer cells, slowing their growth and migration, which could have potential implications for new treatments.

Research Background

  • The focus of this study revolves around a virus called Equid alphaherpesvirus 1 (EHV-1). This virus is known to cause respiratory diseases, abortion, and neurological problems in horses. It was noted in prior studies that this virus may have an oncolytic potential, meaning it might be able to kill cancer cells. However, the previous research did not evaluate the influence of the virus on the cytoskeleton of cells.

Research Objective

  • The main aim was to examine the disruption caused by EHV-1 in the actin cytoskeleton of an in-vitro glioblastoma multiforme model (a brain cancer), particularly the A172 cell line. This is significant as a rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton could inhibit the migration and growth of cancer cells, potentially slowing down the progression of the disease.

Research Methodology

  • Three stains of the EHV-1 virus were utilized for the study: two non-neuropathogenic (Jan-E and Rac-H) and one neuropathogenic (EHV-1 26).
  • Techniques like immunofluorescent labelling, confocal microscopy, real-time cell growth analysis, and the Oris cell migration assay were deployed to examine the effect of the virus on the A172 cells.

Research Findings

  • The research found that all strains of the EHV-1 virus tested disrupted the actin network of the A172 cells and led to a general depolymerization (breaking down) of microfilaments, part of the cell cytoskeleton involved in cell movement and shape.
  • Successful replication of the EHV-1 virus was confirmed via qPCR results.
  • Importantly, the researchers discovered that the EHV-1 virus led to inhibition of the A172 cells’ growth and migration. This suggests that the virus causes considerable disruption to the cells’ normal behavior.

Implications of the Research

  • This study showcases, for the first time, that the EHV-1 virus can inhibit proliferation and migration in A172 cells, part of a model for glioblastoma multiforme.
  • This finding is significant as it suggests potential for the virus to be used as a form of immunotherapy treatment for brain cancer. However, further research is necessary to explore this potential application fully.

Cite This Article

APA
Bartak M, Chodkowski M, Słońska A, Grodzik M, Szczepaniak J, Bańbura MW, Cymerys J. (2022). Equid Alphaherpesvirus 1 Modulates Actin Cytoskeleton and Inhibits Migration of Glioblastoma Multiforme Cell Line A172. Pathogens, 11(4), 400. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11040400

Publication

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
ISSN: 2076-0817
NlmUniqueID: 101596317
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 11
Issue: 4
PII: 400

Researcher Affiliations

Bartak, Michalina
  • Division of Microbiology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
Chodkowski, Marcin
  • Division of Microbiology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
  • Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Kozielska 4, 01-163 Warsaw, Poland.
Słońska, Anna
  • Division of Microbiology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
Grodzik, Marta
  • Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
Szczepaniak, Jarosław
  • Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
Bańbura, Marcin W
  • Division of Microbiology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.
Cymerys, Joanna
  • Division of Microbiology, Department of Preclinical Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 3 times.
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  2. Słońska A, Cymerys J. Equid alphaherpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) infection of primary murine astrocytes: role of the cytoskeleton. Arch Virol 2025 Dec 11;171(1):19.
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  3. Stergiopoulos GM, Concilio SC, Galanis E. An Update on the Clinical Status, Challenges, and Future Directions of Oncolytic Virotherapy for Malignant Gliomas. Curr Treat Options Oncol 2024 Jul;25(7):952-991.
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