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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs / Equine-assisted activities and therapies in children with at...
Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing2021; 28(6); 1079-1091; doi: 10.1111/jpm.12710

Equine-assisted activities and therapies in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review.

Abstract: WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterized by problems of inattention and impulsive hyperactivity in children. Equine-assisted activities and therapies (EAATs) have been used as alternative non-pharmacological intervention option in patients with ADHD. WHAT DOES THIS PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: Nowadays, more studies of high methodological quality are needed to determine whether EAAT is an effective intervention for the treatment in children with ADHD. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: Between 15 and 40 min of rising horses, 8-32 total sessions, for 4-32 weeks, seem to be beneficial to reduce the symptoms of ADHD. Unassigned: INTRODUCTION: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a disorder characterized by problems of inattention and impulsive hyperactivity. Equine-assisted activities and therapies (EAATs) have become an emerging non-pharmacological intervention option in patients with ADHD. Objective: To perform a systematic review of updated literature about EAAT in children with ADHD. Methods: A systematic review was performed until 28 November 2019, in four electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (a) intervention programme, with pre- and post-data, based on EAAT, (b) children with ADHD and (c) articles written in English. Results: A total of 9 articles were found that meet the inclusion criteria. The evidence level was C for 7 studies and B for 2 studies. The level of conclusion was 3. Conclusions: There are few studies with high methodological quality, and there is a high heterogeneity in the variables included, what make that the level of evidence and conclusion are low. Conclusions: There is no account with enough studies of high methodological quality to determine whether EAAT is an effective intervention for the treatment in children with ADHD.
© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2021-01-10 PubMed ID: 33171006DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12710Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Review
  • Systematic Review

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This article is a systematic review of current literature aiming to determine the effectiveness of Equine-Assisted Activities and Therapies (EAATs) in treating children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

Research Objectives and Methodology

  • This research paper aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Equine-Assisted Activities and Therapies (EAATs) as an alternative non-pharmacological intervention for children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).
  • The methodologies used in this research include a systematic review of literature published up to 28 November 2019. Four electronic databases namely, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar were used for the review.
  • The selection criteria for reviewed articles required them to:
    • Detail an intervention programme based on EAAT, with both pre- and post-data available,
    • Focus on children with ADHD, and
    • Be written in English.

Findings of the Review

  • A total of 9 articles met the inclusion criteria. The quality of evidence was graded as “C” for 7 studies and “B” for 2 studies on an undisclosed scale.
  • The review observed a high degree of variability in the variables included across the reviewed articles, bringing down the overall level of conclusion to 3, indicating fairly weak conclusions due to heterogeneity and methodological issues.
  • The typical EAAT programme in this context, as indicated, ranged from 15 to 40 minutes of horse riding in 8 to 32 sessions across a period of 4 to 32 weeks. Such sessions appear to alleviate ADHD symptoms.

Conclusions

  • The research concluded that there is currently a lack of high-quality methodological studies to definitively establish whether EAAT is an effective intervention for the treatment of children with ADHD.
  • Despite some subjective observations of symptom reduction using EAAT, the insufficient methodological strength and high variability across studies limit the ability to make firm conclusions on the effectiveness of EAAT.

Cite This Article

APA
Pérez-Gómez J, Amigo-Gamero H, Collado-Mateo D, Barrios-Fernandez S, Muñoz-Bermejo L, Garcia-Gordillo MÁ, Carlos-Vivas J, Adsuar JC. (2021). Equine-assisted activities and therapies in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs, 28(6), 1079-1091. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12710

Publication

Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing
ISSN: 1365-2850
NlmUniqueID: 9439514
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 28
Issue: 6
Pages: 1079-1091

Researcher Affiliations

Pérez-Gómez, Jorge
  • Health, Economy, Motricity and Education (HEME) Research Group, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
Amigo-Gamero, Helena
  • Health, Economy, Motricity and Education (HEME) Research Group, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
Collado-Mateo, Daniel
  • Centre for Sport Studies, Rey Juan Carlos University, Fuenlabrada Madrid, Spain.
Barrios-Fernandez, Sabina
  • Faculty of Nursing and Occupational Therapy, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
Muñoz-Bermejo, Laura
  • University Center of Mérida, University of Extremadura, Mérida, Spain.
Garcia-Gordillo, Miguel Ángel
  • Facultad de Administración y Negocios, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Sede Talca, Chile.
Carlos-Vivas, Jorge
  • Health, Economy, Motricity and Education (HEME) Research Group, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
Adsuar, José Carmelo
  • Health, Economy, Motricity and Education (HEME) Research Group, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / therapy
  • Behavior Therapy
  • Child
  • Cognition
  • Equine-Assisted Therapy
  • Horses
  • Humans

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