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Archives of virology1996; 141(3-4); 495-504; doi: 10.1007/BF01718313

Equine gammaherpesvirus 2 (EHV2) is latent in B lymphocytes.

Abstract: Peripheral blood leukocytes were collected from 5 Thoroughbred horses and examined for the presence of EHV2 in sub-populations of mononuclear cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were separated on Percoll gradients and then enriched for plastic adherent cells (predominantly monocytes), surface immunoglobulin positive (sIg+) B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes, using panning techniques. The purity of each cell population was assessed by fluorescence activated cell scanning. In an infectious centre assay, each cell population was inoculated onto equine foetal kidney monolayer cell cultures which are fully permissive for the replication of EHV2. Only enrichment for sIg+ B lymphocytes resulted in a marked increase in the number of infectious centres, indicating that EHV2 is present in B lymphocytes. Freeze-thawing of sIg+ B lymphocytes, prior to inoculation onto EFK monolayer cell cultures, resulted in the complete abrogation of infectious centre formation, confirming that EHV2 is latent in B lymphocytes i.e., infectious free virus was not present in the cells. The number of EHV2 infected B lymphocytes varied considerably between horses from 4 to 780 per 10(6) cells. Evidence was also obtained that direct cell to cell contact between the epithelial cells and sIg+ B lymphocytes was necessary for the production of infectious centres. The data indicate that EHV2, like other members of the Gammaherpesvirinae, is latent within B lymphocytes.
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Publication Date: 1996-01-01 PubMed ID: 8645091DOI: 10.1007/BF01718313Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research focuses on equine gammaherpesvirus 2 (EHV2), finding that it is dormant within B lymphocytes in Thoroughbred horses. It also presents evidence that direct cell to cell contact between epithelial cells and sIg+ B lymphocytes is necessary for infection.

Methodology

  • Peripheral blood leukocytes were gathered from five Thoroughbred horses. These white blood cells were then examined for the presence of EHV2 in their different mononuclear cell populations.
  • By using various techniques such as panning and Percoll gradients separation, the peripheral blood mononuclear cells were divided into three groups: plastic adherent cells (which are mainly monocytes), sIg+ B lymphocytes, and T lymphocytes.
  • The researchers then determined each cell group’s purity through a method known as fluorescence-activated cell scanning.

Infectious Centre Assay

  • The infectious centre assay involved inoculating each cell population onto equine foetal kidney monolayer cell cultures. These culture environments allow EHV2 to replicate.
  • Only when the sIg+ B lymphocytes were enriched, did they observe a significant increase in the number of infectious centres. This indicated that EHV2 is present in B lymphocytes.
  • When the sIg+ B lymphocytes were subjected to freeze-thawing before being inoculated onto the EFK monolayer cell cultures, there was no generation of infectious centres. This confirmed that EHV2 is latent (or inactive) in B lymphocytes. This means that they did not carry active, infectious free virus.

Findings and Conclusion

  • The number of EHV2 infected B lymphocytes varied widely among horses. It was found to range from 4 to 780 per million cells.
  • The study also found evidence suggesting that for the production of infectious centres, there is a need for direct cell-to-cell contact between the epithelial cells and sIg+ B lymphocytes.
  • All these findings led to the conclusion that EHV2, similar to other Gammaherpesvirinae members, is latent within B lymphocytes.

Cite This Article

APA
Drummer HE, Reubel GH, Studdert MJ. (1996). Equine gammaherpesvirus 2 (EHV2) is latent in B lymphocytes. Arch Virol, 141(3-4), 495-504. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01718313

Publication

Archives of virology
ISSN: 0304-8608
NlmUniqueID: 7506870
Country: Austria
Language: English
Volume: 141
Issue: 3-4
Pages: 495-504

Researcher Affiliations

Drummer, H E
  • Centre for Equine Virology, School of Veterinary Science, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Reubel, G H
    Studdert, M J

      MeSH Terms

      • Animals
      • B-Lymphocytes / immunology
      • B-Lymphocytes / virology
      • CD3 Complex
      • Cells, Cultured
      • DNA, Viral / analysis
      • Female
      • Gammaherpesvirinae / genetics
      • Gammaherpesvirinae / isolation & purification
      • Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
      • Herpesviridae Infections / virology
      • Horse Diseases / virology
      • Horses
      • Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell
      • T-Lymphocytes / immunology
      • T-Lymphocytes / virology
      • Virus Latency

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      Citations

      This article has been cited 12 times.
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