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Journal of veterinary internal medicine2019; 33(3); 1500-1506; doi: 10.1111/jvim.15472

Equine platelet concentrate preparation and validation.

Abstract: Development of equine platelet concentrate (PC) would aid management of cases requiring transfused platelets (PLTs), where adminstration of whole-blood or platelet-rich plasma (PRP) might be contraindicated. Objective: To test and validate a method for production of an equine PRP-PC product. Methods: Six healthy Thoroughbred geldings from a research herd. Methods: In this prospective experimental study, whole blood was collected and processed through multiple centrifugation steps to yield 120 mL of PC. The PC was stored at 22°C and gently and continuously agitated. Measurements of PLT count, pH, and concentrations of glucose, lactate, electrolytes, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), as well as partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide were performed on days 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7. Platelet aggregometry and bacterial culture were also performed. Results: The PC always had a PLT count of ≥550 × 10 cells/μL. Aggregometry graph amplitude (P < .0001) and area under the curve (P < .05) significantly decreased over time. Sodium, chloride, lactate (P < .0001), and oxygen (P < .01) concentrations significantly increased over time. pH (P < .001), glucose and bicarbonate concentrations (P < .0001) significantly decreased over time. There was no significant difference in potassium concentration, PLT count, LDH and AST activities and no bacterial growth from culture. Conclusions: The described technique yielded a PC that meets the standards of the American Association of Blood Banks for human PC.
© 2019 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.
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Publication Date: 2019-03-13 PubMed ID: 30868640PubMed Central: PMC6524399DOI: 10.1111/jvim.15472Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article describes an experiment conducted to test and validate a method for producing a healthy equine platelet concentrate (PC), which is a vital medical element for horses requiring blood transfusion. The findings suggest that the devised technique is effective in yielding a PC that upholds the standards of the American Association of Blood Banks for human PC.

Methods Used in the Research

  • The researchers utilized six healthy Thoroughbred geldings from a research herd for this study.
  • Focusing on preparing equine platelet concentrate (PC), whole blood was collected and processed using meticulous centrifugation techniques, subsequently producing a 120 mL of PC.
  • Once the PC was prepared, it was stored at a temperature of 22°C and was subjected to continuous and delicate agitation.
  • The experiment involved periodic measurements over seven days to inspect the health and quality of the PC. These measurements were carried out on days 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7.

Measurements and Notable Results

  • The variables to be measured were PLT count, pH, glucose levels, lactate levels, LDH, AST, as well as the concentrations of several electrolytes and partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
  • Findings showed that the PLT count was always ≥550 × 10 cells/μL, indicating a consistent level of platelet presence in the PC produced.
  • There were significant variations in some measured parameters over the experiment duration, such as sodium, chloride, lactate, and oxygen concentrations which significantly increased with time. On the other hand, pH, glucose and bicarbonate concentrations significantly decreased over time.
  • No significant difference was observed in the concentration of potassium, PLT count, and enzyme activities of LDH and AST.
  • Bacteriological tests revealed that the sample grew no harmful bacteria, demonstrating sterile preparation conditions.

Conclusion from the Study’s Findings

  • Based on these results, it was concluded that the method developed for equine PC production successfully generated a concentration that meets the standards set by the American Association of Blood Banks for the human PC.
  • These findings might be a significant development in veterinary medicine, especially in the management of equine cases requiring blood transfusion where complete blood or PRP transfusion might be contraindicated.

Cite This Article

APA
Bozorgmanesh R, Magdesian KG, Sutton-Burges JW, Owens SD, Tablin F. (2019). Equine platelet concentrate preparation and validation. J Vet Intern Med, 33(3), 1500-1506. https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.15472

Publication

Journal of veterinary internal medicine
ISSN: 1939-1676
NlmUniqueID: 8708660
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 33
Issue: 3
Pages: 1500-1506

Researcher Affiliations

Bozorgmanesh, Rana
  • McGee Medicine Center, Hagyard Equine Medical Institute, Lexington, Kentucky.
Magdesian, K Gary
  • Department of Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California.
Sutton-Burges, Julie W
  • Transfusion Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California.
Owens, Sean D
  • Department of Clinical Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California.
Tablin, Fern
  • Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Blood Platelets / cytology
  • Blood Preservation / methods
  • Blood Preservation / veterinary
  • Centrifugation / methods
  • Centrifugation / veterinary
  • Hematology / methods
  • Horses / blood
  • Male
  • Platelet Count / veterinary
  • Platelet-Rich Plasma / chemistry
  • Platelet-Rich Plasma / cytology
  • Prospective Studies

Grant Funding

  • The Roberta A. and Carla Henry Endowed Chair in Emergency Medicine and Critical Care, University of California, Davis
  • Veterinary Blood Bank, University of California Davis

Conflict of Interest Statement

Authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 5 times.
  1. Hagen A, Holland H, Brandt VP, Doll CU, Häußler TC, Melzer M, Moellerberndt J, Lehmann H, Burk J. Platelet Lysate for Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Culture in the Canine and Equine Species: Analogous but Not the Same. Animals (Basel) 2022 Jan 13;12(2).
    doi: 10.3390/ani12020189pubmed: 35049811google scholar: lookup
  2. Segabinazzi LGTM, Podico G, Rosser MF, Nanjappa SG, Alvarenga MA, Canisso IF. Three Manual Noncommercial Methods to Prepare Equine Platelet-Rich Plasma. Animals (Basel) 2021 May 21;11(6).
    doi: 10.3390/ani11061478pubmed: 34063777google scholar: lookup
  3. Hagen A, Lehmann H, Aurich S, Bauer N, Melzer M, Moellerberndt J, Patané V, Schnabel CL, Burk J. Scalable Production of Equine Platelet Lysate for Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Culture. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020;8:613621.
    doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.613621pubmed: 33553119google scholar: lookup
  4. Apakupakul J, Sattasathuchana P, Chanloinapha P, Thengchaisri N. Optimization of a rapid one-step platelet-rich plasma preparation method using syringe centrifugation with and without carprofen. BMC Vet Res 2020 May 6;16(1):124.
    doi: 10.1186/s12917-020-02350-2pubmed: 32375782google scholar: lookup
  5. Alharbi YM. Phenotype- and age-associated variations in non-specific agglutinins and complement components (C3 and C5a) in camels: Implications for transfusion compatibility and immune function. Vet World 2025 Sep;18(9):2811-2822.
    doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2025.2811-2822pubmed: 41113229google scholar: lookup
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