Evaluation of 3 handheld portable analyzers for measurement of L-lactate concentrations in blood and peritoneal fluid of horses with colic.
Abstract: To compare 3 portable handheld analyzers with a bench top blood gas analyzer for measurement of blood and peritoneal fluid L-lactate concentrations in horses admitted with signs of colic. Methods: Prospective clinical study. Methods: Blood and peritoneal fluid from horses with colic. Methods: L-lactate concentrations in heparinized blood and peritoneal fluid were measured serially on 10 occasions to evaluate repeatability of the portable analyzers. Blood and peritoneal fluid L-lactate concentrations were simultaneously evaluated by a bench top and 3 portable analyzers and the results compared by intraclass correlation coefficients and Bland Altman plots. L-Lactate concentrations in a subgroup of peritoneal fluid samples were evaluated by a chromogenic laboratory assay and compared with the bench top and the handheld analyzers. Results: Portable lactate analyzers had good intra-analyzer reliability for peritoneal fluid. Two portable analyzers had poor intra-analyzer reliability for mid concentrations of L-lactate in blood. L-lactate measurements from portable analyzers were closer to the bench top analyzer at low concentrations of L-lactate than at higher concentrations. Compared with the bench top analyzer, the Lactate Pro and Lactate Plus have the highest intraclass correlation coefficient and the smallest bias for peritoneal fluid and blood L-lactate, respectively. The bench top analyzer and the Lactate Pro had the highest level of agreement for peritoneal fluid compared with the chromogenic assay. Conclusions: Although portable analyzers are alternatives for the measurement of L-lactate concentration in field situations, clinicians need to be aware of the variable results between analyzers, especially when extrapolating means or cutoff values from studies using different lactate analyzers.
© Copyright 2014 by The American College of Veterinary Surgeons.
Publication Date: 2014-06-24 PubMed ID: 24962777DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.2014.12231.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Evaluation Study
- Journal Article
Summary
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The research article examines how three handheld portable analyzers measure levels of L-lactate in the blood and peritoneal fluid of horses with colic, in comparison with a standard benchtop blood gas analyzer.
Research Methodology
- The researchers conducted a prospective clinical study, focusing on horses showing symptoms of colic.
- The L-lactate concentration levels in both heparinized blood and peritoneal fluid from the horses were serially measured ten times to evaluate the reliability of the portable analyzers.
- In order to verify the accuracy of the readings, the blood and peritoneal fluid L-lactate concentrations were simultaneously evaluated by the benchtop device and the three portable analyzers.
- The results from the four devices were then compared using intraclass correlation coefficients and Bland Altman plots.
- Finally, a subgroup of peritoneal fluid samples was further evaluated via a chromogenic laboratory assay, and these results were compared with those produced by the benchtop device and the handheld analyzers.
Findings of the Research
- The portable lactate analyzers showed good intra-analyzer reliability for peritoneal fluid.
- However, two of the portable analyzers exhibited poor intra-analyzer reliability when dealing with mid-range concentrations of L-lactate in blood.
- The portable analyzers were more accurate at measuring lower concentrations of L-lactate than at higher concentrations when compared to the bench top analyzer.
- Amongst the portable analyzers, the Lactate Pro and Lactate Plus had the highest correlation coefficient and the least bias when it came to measuring peritoneal fluid and blood L-lactate levels respectively.
- When compared to the chromogenic assay, the bench top analyzer and the Lactate Pro showed the highest level of agreement for peritoneal fluid.
Conclusions
- The research concludes that despite their convenience, portable analyzers may provide variable results, and this needs to be taken into account by clinicians, especially when extrapolating means or cutoff values from studies involving different lactate analyzers.
Cite This Article
APA
Nieto JE, Dechant JE, le Jeune SS, Snyder JR.
(2014).
Evaluation of 3 handheld portable analyzers for measurement of L-lactate concentrations in blood and peritoneal fluid of horses with colic.
Vet Surg, 44(3), 366-372.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-950X.2014.12231.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Ascitic Fluid / metabolism
- Blood Chemical Analysis / instrumentation
- Blood Chemical Analysis / veterinary
- Colic / diagnosis
- Colic / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horse Diseases / metabolism
- Horses
- Lactic Acid / blood
- Predictive Value of Tests
- Prospective Studies
- Reproducibility of Results
Citations
This article has been cited 7 times.- Hampton CE, Kleine SA, Vanecek LR, Smith CK, Shanks GA, Springer C, Flatland B, Giori L. Comparison of human point-of-care glucometer (Guide Me) and lactometer (Lactate Plus) to an automated chemistry analyzer for measurement of blood concentrations of lactate and glucose in juvenile commercial pigs. J Vet Diagn Invest 2025 Nov;37(6):891-905.
- Parra-Moyano LA, Cedeño A, Darby S, Johnson JP, Gomez DE. Blood and Peritoneal Lactate, Ratio and Difference, and Peritoneal Lactate to Total Solids Ratio for Detection of Intestinal Strangulating Obstructions in Horses. J Vet Intern Med 2025 Jul-Aug;39(4):e70121.
- Rapezzano G, Marcatili M, Stephenson R, Pereira R, Hallowell G, Duz M. Evaluation of peritoneal l-lactate concentration in horses in the early post-partum period. Vet Med Sci 2024 May;10(3):e1352.
- Di Lorenzo E, Rossi R, Ferrari F, Martini V, Comazzi S. Blood L-Lactate Concentration as an Indicator of Outcome in Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus) Admitted to a Wildlife Rescue Center. Animals (Basel) 2020 Jun 20;10(6).
- DeNotta SL, Divers TJ. Clinical Pathology in the Adult Sick Horse: The Gastrointestinal System and Liver. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2020 Apr;36(1):105-120.
- Mizen K, Woodman J, Boysen SR, Wagg C, Greco-Otto P, Léguillette R, Roy MF. Effect of Dexamethasone on Resting Blood Lactate Concentrations in Horses. J Vet Intern Med 2017 Jan;31(1):164-169.
- Marqués FJ, Higgins S, Chapuis R, Waldner C. The Effect of Inadequate Presample Blood Volume Withdrawal from Intravenous Catheter and Extension Sets on Measured Circulating L-Blood Lactate Concentration in Horses Receiving Lactated Ringer's Solution. J Vet Intern Med 2017 Jan;31(1):51-54.
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