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Home / Equine Research Bank / Mycopathologia / Evaluation of two vaccines for the treatment of pythiosis in...
Mycopathologia1992; 119(2); 89-95; doi: 10.1007/BF00443939

Evaluation of two vaccines for the treatment of pythiosis insidiosi in horses.

Abstract: Two vaccines to treat phythiosis insidiosi in horses were evaluated in 71 Costa Rican horses between 1982 to 1988. One vaccine used a cell-mass (CMV) as antigen and the other a soluble concentrated antigen (SCAV). Both vaccines cured horses infected with Pythium insidiosum (p value approximately 14%). The age of lesions prior to vaccination was important in the response of the horses to immunotherapy. All horses with lesions 0.5 months or less in duration were cured regardless of the vaccine used. Horses with lesions two or more months old did not respond to either vaccine. The age of the horses did not have any influence on their response to the vaccinations. The CMV produced a prominent inflammatory reaction at the side of injection, while the SCAV gave a low inflammatory reaction. In addition, the CMV lost its effectiveness two to three weeks after its preparation. By contrast, the SCAV maintained its ability to cure horses even after 18 months. Immunotherapy using SCAV can thus be used as the vaccine of choice in early cases of equine cutaneous pythiosis insidiosi.
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Publication Date: 1992-08-01 PubMed ID: 1435952DOI: 10.1007/BF00443939Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research article evaluates the effectiveness of two vaccines for treating Pythiosis insidiosi, a fungal infection, in horses. It concludes that the soluble concentrated antigen (SCAV) vaccine is a more viable option than the cell-mass (CMV) vaccine.

Study Design and Subjects

  • The study was conducted over a six-year period from 1982 to 1988 on 71 horses in Costa Rica.
  • The evaluation focused on two vaccines developed to treat Pythiosis insidiosi in horses: a cell-mass vaccine (CMV), and a soluble concentrated antigen vaccine (SCAV).

Findings

  • Both vaccines were found to cure horses infected with Pythium insidiosum, with a statistical significance (p-value) of about 14%, indicating that the results are likely not due to random chance.
  • However, the effectiveness of the vaccines was influenced by the age of the lesions. The vaccines worked well on horses with lesions that were 0.5 months or less in age. However, those with lesions two or more months old showed no response to either vaccine.

Influence of Horse Age

  • The research found that the age of the horses had no impact on the response to the vaccines.

Comparison of Vaccines

  • A significant difference between the vaccines came from the inflammatory reaction they incited. The CMV vaccine resulted in a notable inflammatory response at the injection site, while the SCAV vaccine caused a lower inflammatory reaction.
  • Furthermore, the CMV vaccine was found to lose its effectiveness two to three weeks after preparation. On the other hand, the SCAV vaccine was able to retain its effectiveness to cure the disease even 18 months after preparation.

Conclusion

  • Based on these findings, the research concludes that the SCAV vaccine would be the preferred choice over the CMV vaccine in treating early cases of equine cutaneous pythiosis insidiosi, due to its longer-lasting effectiveness and lesser inflammatory response.

Cite This Article

APA
Mendoza L, Villalobos J, Calleja CE, Solis A. (1992). Evaluation of two vaccines for the treatment of pythiosis insidiosi in horses. Mycopathologia, 119(2), 89-95. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00443939

Publication

Mycopathologia
ISSN: 0301-486X
NlmUniqueID: 7505689
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 119
Issue: 2
Pages: 89-95

Researcher Affiliations

Mendoza, L
  • Department of Microbiology, Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica.
Villalobos, J
    Calleja, C E
      Solis, A

        MeSH Terms

        • Aging / immunology
        • Animals
        • Antigens, Fungal / therapeutic use
        • Drug Evaluation
        • Fungal Vaccines / adverse effects
        • Fungal Vaccines / therapeutic use
        • Horse Diseases / microbiology
        • Horse Diseases / therapy
        • Horses
        • Immunotherapy, Active / methods
        • Mycoses / therapy
        • Mycoses / veterinary
        • Pythium / immunology
        • Time Factors

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        Citations

        This article has been cited 9 times.
        1. Yolanda H, Krajaejun T. History and Perspective of Immunotherapy for Pythiosis. Vaccines (Basel) 2021 Sep 26;9(10).
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        2. White AG, Smart K, Hathcock T, Tillson DM, Poudel A, Rynders P, Wang C. Successful management of cutaneous paralagenidiosis in a dog treated with mefenoxam, minocycline, prednisone, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Med Mycol Case Rep 2020 Sep;29:38-42.
          doi: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2020.07.003pubmed: 32775178google scholar: lookup
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        4. Inêz-Ferreira TM, Mendoza L, Vilela R, Andrade HM, Haddad JP, Nunes FF, Gondim IM, Guimarães TM, de Toledo VP. A Leishmania murine model to evaluate the immunomodulatory properties of Pythium insidiosum proteins. Heliyon 2017 Mar;3(3):e00278.
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