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Home / Equine Research Bank / J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol / Evidence of an oscillating peripheral clock in an equine fib...
Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology2006; 192(7); 743-751; doi: 10.1007/s00359-006-0108-7

Evidence of an oscillating peripheral clock in an equine fibroblast cell line and adipose tissue but not in peripheral blood.

Abstract: The master mammalian pacemaker in the brain controls numerous diverse physiological and behavioral processes throughout the organism. Timing information is continually transmitted from the master clock to peripheral organs to synchronize rhythmic daily oscillations of clock gene transcripts and control local physiology. To investigate the presence of peripheral clocks in the horse, quantitative real-time RT-PCR assays were designed to detect levels of equine clock genes. Expression profiles for Per2, Bmal1 and Cry1 were first determined in a synchronized equine cell line. Subsequently, expression in equine whole blood and adipose tissue was assessed. Robust circadian oscillations of Per2, Bmal1 and Cry1 were observed in vitro. A synchronized molecular clock was also demonstrated in equine adipose tissue although oscillation of Bmal1 was less robust than that of Per2 and Cry1. In contrast to previous studies in humans and rats however, there was no evidence of synchronized clock gene expression in equine peripheral blood. These studies suggest that synchronous control of clock gene oscillation in equine peripheral blood is not as tightly regulated as in other species and may reflect the influence of different evolutionary challenges modifying the function of a peripheral clock.
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Publication Date: 2006-02-15 PubMed ID: 16479406DOI: 10.1007/s00359-006-0108-7Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Comparative Study
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article investigates the existence of peripheral clocks, controlled by the main pacemaker in the brain, in horses. It found that while there are oscillating peripheral clocks in equine fibroblast cell lines and adipose tissue, they were not present in peripheral blood.

Overview of the Research

  • The researchers’ goal was to study the presence of secondary or peripheral clocks in horses. These peripheral clocks, which regulate various physiological and behavioural processes, receive timing information from the primary or ‘master’ clock located in the brain. This helps to synchronize daily rhythmic oscillations of clock gene transcripts and control local physiological functions.
  • The team designed quantitative real-time RT-PCR (Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction) assays to detect levels of equine clock genes.
  • The research studied the expression profiles for three primary clock genes, Per2, Bmal1, and Cry1, in a synchronized equine cell line, with subsequent investigation into their expression in whole blood and adipose tissue in horses.

Findings of the Research

  • The results showed robust circadian oscillations of the three clock genes (Per2, Bmal1, and Cry1) in vitro, i.e., in a controlled environment outside a living organism, confirming the presence of a synchronized, oscillating molecular clock in horses.
  • Following this, a synchronized molecular clock was also discovered in the adipose (fat) tissue of horses. However, oscillation of one of the genes, Bmal1, was not as robust as the other two, Per2 and Cry1.
  • However, in contrast to previous studies conducted in humans and rats, the researchers found no evidence of synchronized clock gene expression in equine peripheral blood. This outcome suggests that the control of clock gene oscillation in equine peripheral blood is not as tightly regulated as in other species.

Implications of the Research

  • The findings of this study suggest an evolutionary deviation in horses regarding synchronization and regulation of peripheral clocks. This difference may denote the influence of specific evolutionary challenges that have potentially modified the function of the peripheral clock in horses.
  • This research furthers understanding of mammalian circadian rhythms and the function of peripheral clocks, which could have significant implications for a range of developmental, metabolic, and sleep disorders.

Cite This Article

APA
Murphy BA, Vick MM, Sessions DR, Cook RF, Fitzgerald BP. (2006). Evidence of an oscillating peripheral clock in an equine fibroblast cell line and adipose tissue but not in peripheral blood. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol, 192(7), 743-751. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00359-006-0108-7

Publication

Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology
ISSN: 0340-7594
NlmUniqueID: 101141792
Country: Germany
Language: English
Volume: 192
Issue: 7
Pages: 743-751

Researcher Affiliations

Murphy, Barbara A
  • Gluck Equine Research Center, Department of Veterinary Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0099, USA. bamurp2@uky.edu
Vick, Mandi M
    Sessions, Dawn R
      Cook, R Frank
        Fitzgerald, Barry P

          MeSH Terms

          • Adipose Tissue / metabolism
          • Analysis of Variance
          • Animals
          • Biological Clocks / genetics
          • Cell Line
          • Equidae / blood
          • Equidae / physiology
          • Fibroblasts / metabolism
          • Gene Expression Profiling / methods
          • Gene Expression Regulation / physiology
          • Male
          • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
          • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods
          • Time Factors

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          Citations

          This article has been cited 6 times.
          1. Collery A, Browne JA, O'Brien C, Sheridan JT, Murphy BA. Optimised Stable Lighting Strengthens Circadian Clock Gene Rhythmicity in Equine Hair Follicles.. Animals (Basel) 2023 Jul 17;13(14).
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          2. Murphy BA, Martin AM, Furney P, Elliott JA. Absence of a serum melatonin rhythm under acutely extended darkness in the horse.. J Circadian Rhythms 2011 May 10;9:3.
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          3. McGivney BA, McGettigan PA, Browne JA, Evans AC, Fonseca RG, Loftus BJ, Lohan A, MacHugh DE, Murphy BA, Katz LM, Hill EW. Characterization of the equine skeletal muscle transcriptome identifies novel functional responses to exercise training.. BMC Genomics 2010 Jun 23;11:398.
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