Ex Vivo Comparison of the Diagnostic Performance of Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Three-Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequences in Depicting Normal Articular Cartilage in Equine Stifle Cadavers.
Abstract: The objective of this study was to compare articular cartilage thickness observed in the different 2D and 3D sequences to the cartilage thickness of the equine stifle in cadavers to determine the accuracy of each sequence. The study was conducted as a blinded laboratory study using seven equine stifle specimens. The 2D (T2W TSE) and 3D (3D VIEW T2W HR, T2 3D mFFE, T1W VISTA SPAIR, 3D PDW SPAIR) 3-tesla MRI sequences of each stifle were obtained. Cartilage thickness was measured at 30 locations on MRI and on gross pathology. Thickness measurements were compared using a Bland-Altman plot and post hoc analysis tests. The 3D sequences were found to be generally more accurate than the 2D sequence ( < 0.001). The smallest difference to macroscopic measurements was observed in the 3D VIEW T2W HR and T1W VISTA SPAIR sequences with no statistical difference between each other. Knowing the accuracy of different sequences will improve the evaluation of equine cartilage and the early detection of cartilage pathologies. This would promote MRI as a noninvasive imaging modality for horses suffering from stifle lameness with no findings in conventional imaging methods. Furthermore, since 3D sequences seem to have better accuracy in depicting cartilage, they may replace 2D sequences, thereby shortening scanning times.
Publication Date: 2023-12-19 PubMed ID: 38200746PubMed Central: PMC10778121DOI: 10.3390/ani14010015Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research aimed to assess the accuracy of 2D and 3D MRI sequences in measuring the thickness of horse cartilage in stifle joints, by comparing these measurements with the detailed anatomical configuration of cadaver horses. The study found that 3D MRI sequences provide more accurate imaging than 2D methods.
Objective of the Study
- The research intended to compare the thickness of articular cartilage captured through different 2D and 3D MRI sequences with the actual thickness in horse cadaver’s stifle joints.
- It aimed to determine which sequence offers the most accurate depiction. A closer resolution allows for better evaluation of the cartilage, crucial for the early detection of potential cartilage problems.
Methodology
- The study was done as a blinded laboratory analysis using seven specimens of horse stifle joints.
- Both 2D (T2W TSE) and a variety of 3D MRI sequences (3D VIEW T2W HR, T2 3D mFFE, T1W VISTA SPAIR, 3D PDW SPAIR) were taken from each stifle.
- The thickness of the cartilage was measured in 30 locations on the MRI images and on gross pathology for comparative examination.
- Comparison of measurement results was done using a Bland-Altman plot and post hoc analysis tests.
Results and Findings
- There was a significant difference in the accuracy of the 2D and 3D sequences in depicting cartilage thickness. The 3D sequences were found to be generally more accurate than the 2D sequence.
- The smallest difference compared to macroscopic measurements was noted with the 3D VIEW T2W HR and T1W VISTA SPAIR sequences. There was no significant difference between these two sequences.
Implications
- Increased accuracy in the assessment of horse cartilage could lead to the early detection and treatment of potential cartilage disorders.
- The research asserts the benefits of using MRI as a noninvasive imaging method for horses suffering from stifle joint lameness where conventional imaging methods haven’t yielded results.
- In addition, since 3D sequences prove to be more accurate in showing cartilage, they could potentially replace 2D sequences, resulting in shorter scanning times and better diagnostic accuracy.
Cite This Article
APA
Seidler A, Aßmann A, Torgerson PR, Sánchez-Andrade JS, Bischofberger A.
(2023).
Ex Vivo Comparison of the Diagnostic Performance of Two-Dimensional and Three-Dimensional Three-Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging Sequences in Depicting Normal Articular Cartilage in Equine Stifle Cadavers.
Animals (Basel), 14(1), 15.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14010015 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Equine Hospital, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
- Equine Hospital, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
- Section of Veterinary Epidemiology, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
- Equine Hospital, Clinic of Diagnostic Imaging Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
- Equine Hospital, Clinic of Diagnostic Imaging Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Zürich, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
Grant Funding
- Loriot Research Fund
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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