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PloS one2023; 18(12); e0295697; doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295697

Field study examining the mucosal microbiome in equine glandular gastric disease.

Abstract: Equine glandular gastric disease (EGGD) is a common disease among athletic horses that can negatively impact health and performance. The pathophysiology of this EGGD remains poorly understood. Previous studies using controlled populations of horses identified differences in the gastric glandular mucosal microbiome associated with disease. The objective of this study was to compare the gastric microbiome in horses with EGGD and those without across multiple barns and differing management practices. We hypothesized that alterations in the microbiome of the gastric glandular mucosa are associated with EGGD. A secondary objective was to perform a risk factor analysis for EGGD using the diet and management data collected. Microbial populations of biopsies from normal pyloric mucosa of horses without EGGD (control biopsies), normal pyloric mucosa of horses with EGGD (normal biopsies) and areas of glandular mucosal disruption in horses with EGGD (lesion biopsies) were compared. Lesion biopsies had a different microbial community structure than control biopsies. Control biopsies had a higher read count for the phylum Actinomycetota compared to lesion biopsies. Control biopsies also had an enrichment of the genera Staphylococcus and Lawsonella and the species Streptococcus salivarius. Lesion biopsies had an enrichment of the genera Lactobacillus and Actinobacillus and the species Lactobacillus equigenerosi. These results demonstrate differences in the gastric glandular microbiome between sites of disrupted mucosa in horses with EGGD compared to pyloric mucosa of horses without EGGD. Risk factor analysis indicated that exercise duration per week was a risk factor for EGGD.
Copyright: © 2023 Paul et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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Publication Date: 2023-12-07 PubMed ID: 38060520PubMed Central: PMC10703338DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295697Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research investigates the difference in gastric microbiome in horses afflicted with Equine Glandular Gastric Disease (EGGD) compared to healthy horses. The investigation also looks into potential risk factors for EGGD, such as diet and management.

Research Objectives and Hypothesis

  • This research aims to compare the gastric microbiomes in horses with EGGD and those that are healthy, considering horses from various barns and different management practices.
  • The researchers hypothesize that changes in the gastric glandular mucosal microbiome are related to EGGD.
  • An additional objective is to carry out a risk analysis for EGGD using the dietary and management data collected.

Procedures and Findings

  • Microbial populations from normal pyloric mucosa in healthy horses, normal pyloric mucosa in EGGD horses, and areas of glandular mucosal disruption in EGGD horses were compared.
  • Differences in microbial community structures were seen when comparing the lesion biopsies from EGGD horses to control biopsies from healthy horses.
  • Healthy horses sampled (controls) showed a higher read count for the phylum Actinomycetota in comparison to lesion biopsies from EGGD horses. This suggests this type of microbe might have a protective role against EGGD.
  • Microbes of the genera Staphylococcus and Lawsonella, and the species Streptococcus salivarius were found to be enriched in healthy horses. In contrast, the genera Lactobacillus and Actinobacillus, and the species Lactobacillus equigenerosi were significantly abundant in EGGD horses.

Risk Factor Analysis

  • The research team also analyzed potential risk factors for EGGD and found that the duration of exercise per week was a risk factor for the disease in horses.
  • This result may suggest that management practices around workout regimens could be adjusted to reduce the risk of EGGD in horses.

In conclusion, this research not only contributes to understanding the correlation between the gastric microbiome and EGGD, but also provides possible risk factors and management suggestions for the disease.

Cite This Article

APA
Paul LJ, Ericsson AC, Andrews FM, McAdams Z, Keowen ML, St Blanc MP, Banse HE. (2023). Field study examining the mucosal microbiome in equine glandular gastric disease. PLoS One, 18(12), e0295697. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295697

Publication

PloS one
ISSN: 1932-6203
NlmUniqueID: 101285081
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 18
Issue: 12
Pages: e0295697
PII: e0295697

Researcher Affiliations

Paul, Linda J
  • Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Equine Health and Sports Performance, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America.
Ericsson, Aaron C
  • Metagenomics Center, Equine Gut Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America.
Andrews, Frank M
  • Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Equine Health and Sports Performance, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America.
McAdams, Zachary
  • Metagenomics Center, Equine Gut Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States of America.
Keowen, Michael L
  • Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Equine Health and Sports Performance, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America.
St Blanc, Michael P
  • Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Equine Health and Sports Performance, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America.
Banse, Heidi E
  • Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Equine Health and Sports Performance, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America.

Conflict of Interest Statement

I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: HEB has previously received (greater than five years ago) other grant funding and performed consultancy work for Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health. The other authors (LJP, FMA, ACE, ZM, MLK, MPS) have declared that no competing interests exist.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
  1. Tóth AG, Solymosi N, Tenk M, Káldy Z, Németh T. First Animal Source Metagenome Assembly of Lawsonella clevelandensis from Canine External Otitis. Pathogens 2025 May 10;14(5).
    doi: 10.3390/pathogens14050465pubmed: 40430785google scholar: lookup
  2. Bishop RC, Kemper AM, Clark LV, Wilkins PA, McCoy AM. Stability of Gastric Fluid and Fecal Microbial Populations in Healthy Horses under Pasture and Stable Conditions. Animals (Basel) 2024 Oct 16;14(20).
    doi: 10.3390/ani14202979pubmed: 39457909google scholar: lookup
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