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PeerJ2018; 6; e4198; doi: 10.7717/peerj.4198

Genetic analysis of the Hungarian draft horse population using partial mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequencing.

Abstract: The Hungarian draft is a horse breed with a recent mixed ancestry created in the 1920s by crossing local mares with draught horses imported from France and Belgium. The interest in its conservation and characterization has increased over the last few years. The aim of this work is to contribute to the characterization of the endangered Hungarian heavy draft horse populations in order to obtain useful information to implement conservation strategies for these genetic stocks. Methods: To genetically characterize the breed and to set up the basis for a conservation program, in the present study a hypervariable region of the mitochrondial DNA (D-loop) was used to assess genetic diversity in Hungarian draft horses. Two hundred and eighty five sequences obtained in our laboratory and 419 downloaded sequences available from Genbank were analyzed. Results: One hundred and sixty-four haplotypes and thirty-six polymorphic sites were observed. High haplotype and nucleotide diversity values (  = 0.954 ± 0.004;  = 0.028 ± 0.0004) were identified in Hungarian population, although they were higher within than among the different populations (  = 0.972 ± 0.002;  = 0.03097 ± 0.002). Fourteen of the previously observed seventeen haplogroups were detected. Conclusions: Our samples showed a large intra- and interbreed variation. There was no clear clustering on the median joining network figure. The overall information collected in this work led us to consider that the genetic scenario observed for Hungarian draft breed is more likely the result of contributions from 'ancestrally' different genetic backgrounds. This study could contribute to the development of a breeding plan for Hungarian draft horses and help to formulate a genetic conservation plan, avoiding inbreeding while.
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Publication Date: 2018-01-31 PubMed ID: 29404201PubMed Central: PMC5797449DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4198Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research paper explores the genetic diversity of the Hungarian draft horse population using sequences from a part of their mitochondrial DNA known as the D-loop. The main objective is to gain useful information to help shape conservation strategies for the breed.

Research Methodology

  • The researchers extracted DNA from 285 Hungarian draft horses in their lab and analyzed it in conjunction with 419 sequences downloaded from Genbank, a public database of genetic sequences.
  • They specifically studied the D-loop region of the mitochondrial DNA, which is known for its high variability and thus its utility in distinguishing different breeds and lineages.

Findings

  • They identified 164 different genetic patterns (haplotypes) and 36 spots in the genetic code where variance was observed (polymorphic sites).
  • High values for haplotype and nucleotide diversity were discovered, which suggests a wide variety of genetic coding and a good deal of variation in the breed.
  • Though diversity was found within the overall population, it was higher within specific subpopulations, indicating unique genetic traits within various groups.
  • Fourteen out of the seventeen previously observed groups of related haplotypes (haplogroups) were detected in the sample, further emphasizing the diversity of the population.

Conclusions

  • Both high intra-breed (within the breed) and inter-breed (between different breeds) genetic variance were observed. This suggests that the breed has a complex genetic background resulting from multiple contributions.
  • The wide range of genetic variation seen in this study suggests that the Hungarian draft horse population is genetically diverse, implying that the breed has been influenced by numerous different ancestor groups over time.

Implications for Conservation

  • This study gives insight into the genetic makeup of the Hungarian draft horse, which is useful for setting up conservation strategies and breeding plans. It aims to preserve important genetic diversity while avoiding the detriments of inbreeding.

Cite This Article

APA
Csizmár N, Mihók S, Jávor A, Kusza S. (2018). Genetic analysis of the Hungarian draft horse population using partial mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequencing. PeerJ, 6, e4198. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4198

Publication

PeerJ
ISSN: 2167-8359
NlmUniqueID: 101603425
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 6
Pages: e4198
PII: e4198

Researcher Affiliations

Csizmár, Nikolett
  • Institute of Animal Husbandry, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
Mihók, Sándor
  • Institute of Animal Husbandry, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
Jávor, András
  • Institute of Animal Husbandry, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
Kusza, Szilvia
  • Institute of Animal Husbandry, Biotechnology and Nature Conservation, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare there are no competing interests.

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