Genetic Diversity of mtDNA D-loop and Maternal Origin of Three Chinese Native Horse Breeds.
Abstract: In order to protect the genetic resource of native horse breeds, the genetic diversity of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop of three native horse breeds in western China were investigated. Forty-three 600 bp mtDNA D-loop sequences were analyzed by PCR and sequencing techniques, 33 unique haplotypes with 70 polymorphic sites were detected in these horses, which account for 11.67% of 600 bp sequence analyzed, showing the abundant genetic diversity of the three native horse breeds in western China. The Neighbour-Joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree based on 247 bp of 43 D-loop sequences demonstrated the presence of seven major lineages (A to G), indicating that the three native horse breeds in western China originated from multiple maternal origins. Consistent with the front, the NJ phylogenetic tree based on 600 bp of mtDNA D-loop sequences of 43 Chinese western native horses and 81 sequences of six horse breeds from GenBank indicated that the three horse breeds had distributed into the seven major lineages (A to G). The structure of the phylogenic tree is often blurred because the variation in a short segment of the mitochondrial genome is often accompanied by high levels of recurrent mutations. Consequently, longer D-loop sequences are helpful in achieving a higher level of molecular resolution in horses.
Publication Date: 2012-07-01 PubMed ID: 25049645PubMed Central: PMC4092969DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11483Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This research article investigates the genetic diversity of mitochondrial DNA D-loop in three native horse breeds from western China. The findings revealed abundant genetic diversity and multiple maternal origins of these breeds, contributing to the preservation of their genetic resources.
Investigation of Genetic Diversity
- The study set out to examine, and thus safeguard, the genetic diversity of three native horse breeds in western China.
- Researchers analyzed 43 separate 600 bp sequences of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) D-loop using PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and sequencing techniques.
- 33 unique haplotypes, or genetic variations, were discovered among these sequences, along with 70 polymorphic sites. These accounted for 11.67% of the 600 bp sequence, revealing a significant level of genetic diversity in these horses.
Maternal Origin and Phylogenetic Analysis
- The study used Neighbour-Joining (NJ) phylogenetic trees to trace the maternal origin of these breeds.
- The NJ tree created from 43 D-loop sequences showed seven major lineages (A to G), suggesting multiple maternal origins for these horse breeds.
- This diversity of origins was confirmed by a second NJ tree, which used full 600 bp D-loop sequences from the same 43 horses and additional 81 sequences from six other breeds sourced from GenBank.
Insights and Implications
- The study notes that short segments of mitochondrial DNA often contain high rates of recurrent mutations, which can blur the clarity of phylogenetic trees.
- Using longer D-loop sequences provides a higher level of molecular resolution, giving a more accurate representation of genetic heritage and diversity among horse breeds.
- The findings underline the importance of further protection and preservation efforts, considering the rich genetic diversity and multiple maternal origins of the three native horse breeds from western China.
Cite This Article
APA
Zhang T, Lu H, Chen C, Jiang H, Wu S.
(2012).
Genetic Diversity of mtDNA D-loop and Maternal Origin of Three Chinese Native Horse Breeds.
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci, 25(7), 921-926.
https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2011.11483 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
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Citations
This article has been cited 6 times.- Nikbakhsh M, Varkoohi S, Seyedabadi HR. Mitochondrial DNA D-loop hyper-variable region 1 variability in Kurdish horse breed.. Vet Med Sci 2023 Mar;9(2):721-728.
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