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Home / Equine Research Bank / Immunogenetics / Genomic characterization of MHC class I genes of the horse.
Immunogenetics2005; 57(10); 763-774; doi: 10.1007/s00251-005-0034-9

Genomic characterization of MHC class I genes of the horse.

Abstract: The availability of a contig of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones spanning the equine major histocompatibility complex (MHC) made possible a detailed analysis of horse MHC class I genes. Prior to this study, only a single horse MHC class I gene had been sequenced at the genomic level. Although many ( approximately 60) MHC class I cDNA sequences had been determined and published, from this information, it was not possible to determine how many class I loci are expressed in horses or to assign individual sequences to allelic series. In this study, 15 MHC class I genes were identified in BAC subclones and fully sequenced. Because the BAC library donor horse had been bred for homozygosity at the MHC, these 15 genomic clones represent distinct MHC class I genes and pseudogenes and not alleles at a smaller number of loci. For five of the genes, cDNA sequences from these loci had previously been identified. Two additional expressed class I genes were discovered, bringing the known total of different equine MHC class I genes (loci) expressed as mRNA to seven. Expression of all seven loci was detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in adult, fetal, and placental tissues. The remaining eight genes were designated as pseudogenes. This work resulted in moderate expansion of the horse MHC BAC contig length, and the remaining gap was shortened. The information contained in these equine MHC class I sequences will permit comparison of MHC class I genes expressed across different horse MHC haplotypes and between horses and other mammalian species.
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Publication Date: 2005-11-08 PubMed ID: 16220348DOI: 10.1007/s00251-005-0034-9Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Research Support
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  • Extramural
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  • Research Support
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research is about a detailed genomic study of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class I genes in horses. The researchers have used a range of bacterial artificial chromosome clones to identify and sequence 15 MHC class I genes and pseudogenes in horses.

Background

  • The Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) is a set of genes in the horse genome that are crucial to the immune response. Prior to this research, only a single MHC class I gene in horses had been sequenced at the genomic level.
  • Although approximately 60 MHC class I cDNA sequences had been determined and published earlier, it was impossible to determine how many class I loci (locations on the genome where the genes reside) were expressed in horses or to assign individual sequences to allelic series (different versions of a gene).

Method

  • Researchers used a contig of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones that spanned the equine MHC to conduct a detailed analysis of horse MHC class I genes.
  • 15 MHC class I genes were identified in BAC subclones and fully sequenced. As the BAC library donor horse was bred for homozygosity at the MHC, these 15 genomic clones represented distinct MHC class I genes and pseudogenes, not alleles at fewer loci.
  • Expression of all seven functional MHC class I genes was detected in adult, fetal, and placental tissues by a technique called reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.
  • The remaining eight genes which were not expressed were determined as pseudogenes – non-functional sequences of DNA that look like genes.

General Findings

  • Five out of the fifteen genes had previously been identified cDNA sequences at these loci.
  • Two extra expressed class I genes were discovered, raising the known total of different equine MHC class I genes (loci) expressed as mRNA to seven.

Significance of the study

  • The project led to the moderate expansion of the horse MHC BAC contig length and the remaining gap was shortened.
  • The data gathered from these equine MHC class I sequences will allow comparison of MHC class I genes expressed across different horse MHC haplotypes and between horses and other mammalian species.

Cite This Article

APA
Tallmadge RL, Lear TL, Antczak DF. (2005). Genomic characterization of MHC class I genes of the horse. Immunogenetics, 57(10), 763-774. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-005-0034-9

Publication

Immunogenetics
ISSN: 0093-7711
NlmUniqueID: 0420404
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 57
Issue: 10
Pages: 763-774

Researcher Affiliations

Tallmadge, Rebecca L
  • James A. Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Lear, Teri L
    Antczak, Douglas F

      MeSH Terms

      • Alleles
      • Amino Acid Sequence
      • Animals
      • Base Sequence
      • Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial / genetics
      • Genes, MHC Class I
      • Homozygote
      • Horses / genetics
      • Horses / immunology
      • Molecular Sequence Data
      • Pseudogenes

      Grant Funding

      • HD-049545 / NICHD NIH HHS
      • HD-15799 / NICHD NIH HHS
      • HD34086 / NICHD NIH HHS

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