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Zoonoses and public health2008; 55(6); 291-298; doi: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2008.01136.x

Hepatitis E virus infection among domestic animals in eastern China.

Abstract: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a zoonotic pathogen of which several species of animal were reported as reservoirs. Antibodies to HEV and HEV RNA have been detected in some Chinese population and swine groups but few other domestic animals. In this study, to investigate the HEV prevalence, we tested sera from 788 pigs, 100 cows, 50 goats, 49 horses, 101 pet dogs, 105 chickens, 47 duck and 45 pigeons in eastern China for anti-HEV immunoglobulin G (IgG). We also tested 50% of the swine sera, all of sera from the other domestic animals and 13 Shanghai human sera which were positive for anti-HEV immunoglobulin M (IgM) for HEV RNA using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Our results indicated that 82.5% (222/269) of the sows, 53.9% (104/193) of the 4- to 6-month-old swine, 63.4% (168/265) of the 1- to 3-month-old swine, 55.7% (34/61) of the slaughterhouse swine, 24% (12/50) of the goats, 16.3% (8/49) of the horses, 17.8% (21/101) of the pet dogs, 6% (6/100) of the cows, 12.8% (6/47) of the ducks, 4.4% (2/45) of the pigeons and 1.9% (2/105) of the chickens exhibited positive for anti-HEV IgG. Inhibition assay confirmed the infection with HEV or HEV-like viruses in these domestic animals except pigeons and chickens. From the sera, we isolated 18 swine HEV strains, one horse HEV strain and two human HEV strains. Sequence analysis showed that the horse HEV isolate and one swine isolate belonged to genotype 3. The other isolates belonged to genotype 4. The two human isolates were phylogenetically closely related to eight of the swine isolates. In short, the presence of anti-HEV antibody had been confirmed in several species of domestic animals in eastern China and HEV RNA has been identified in swine, human and horse. This suggested that the authorities should pay more attention to the prevalence of HEV in eastern China.
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Publication Date: 2008-07-22 PubMed ID: 18638181DOI: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2008.01136.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research paper explores the prevalence of Hepatitis E virus (HEV) among various domestic animals in Eastern China. The study demonstrates a significant presence of anti-HEV antibodies in these animals, indicating that HEV or HEV-like viruses infect them.

HEV Prevalence and Testing

  • The study involved testing various domestic animals in Eastern China, including pigs, cows, goats, horses, pet dogs, chickens, ducks, and pigeons. The study’s purpose was to ascertain the presence of anti-HEV immunoglobulin G (IgG).
  • Furthermore, they also tested for the presence of HEV RNA using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in 50% of the swine sera, all other animal sera, and 13 human sera positive for anti-HEV immunoglobulin M (IgM).

Results and Findings

  • A significant fraction of the tested animals exhibited positivity for anti-HEV IgG, especially pigs. This included 82.5% of the sows, 53.9% of the 4- to 6-month-old swine, 63.4% of the 1- to 3-month-old swine, and 55.7% of the slaughterhouse swine.
  • Other animals testing positive for anti-HEV IgG included 24% of the goats, 16.3% of the horses, 17.8% of the pet dogs, 6% of the cows, 12.8% of the ducks, 4.4% of the pigeons, and 1.9% of the chickens.
  • Inhibition assays confirmed the presence of HEV or HEV-like viruses in all these animal groups, except pigeons and chickens.

Virus Strains and Genotypes

  • Furthermore, the researchers managed to isolate different strains of HEV, including 18 swine HEV strains, one horse HEV strain, and two human HEV strains.
  • Genotypic analysis revealed that the horse HEV isolate and one swine isolate belonged to genotype 3, whereas the others belonged to genotype 4.
  • The study pointed out that the two human isolates were genetically closely related to eight of the swine isolates, hinting at the zoonotic nature of HEV transmission.

Conclusion and Suggestions

  • In conclusion, the research highlighted the substantial prevalence of HEV among various domestic animals in Eastern China, affirming their role as HEV reservoirs.
  • The discovery of HEV RNA in swine, human, and horse, along with the genetic similarities between human and swine isolates, raises public health concerns over the zoonotic transmission of this virus.
  • Consequently, the authors suggest increased attention from authorities towards the prevalence and spread of HEV in the region, to prevent and manage possible outbreaks effectively.

Cite This Article

APA
Zhang W, Shen Q, Mou J, Gong G, Yang Z, Cui L, Zhu J, Ju G, Hua X. (2008). Hepatitis E virus infection among domestic animals in eastern China. Zoonoses Public Health, 55(6), 291-298. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1863-2378.2008.01136.x

Publication

Zoonoses and public health
ISSN: 1863-1959
NlmUniqueID: 101300786
Country: Germany
Language: English
Volume: 55
Issue: 6
Pages: 291-298

Researcher Affiliations

Zhang, W
  • Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Medicine, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai JiaoTong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, China.
Shen, Q
    Mou, J
      Gong, G
        Yang, Z
          Cui, L
            Zhu, J
              Ju, G
                Hua, X

                  MeSH Terms

                  • Animals
                  • Animals, Domestic
                  • Antibody Specificity
                  • Base Sequence
                  • Cattle
                  • Chickens
                  • China / epidemiology
                  • Columbidae
                  • Disease Reservoirs / veterinary
                  • Disease Reservoirs / virology
                  • Dogs
                  • Ducks
                  • Goats
                  • Hepatitis Antibodies / blood
                  • Hepatitis Antibodies / immunology
                  • Hepatitis E / epidemiology
                  • Hepatitis E / transmission
                  • Hepatitis E / veterinary
                  • Hepatitis E virus / genetics
                  • Hepatitis E virus / immunology
                  • Hepatitis E virus / isolation & purification
                  • Horses
                  • Humans
                  • Molecular Sequence Data
                  • RNA, Viral / chemistry
                  • RNA, Viral / genetics
                  • Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
                  • Seroepidemiologic Studies
                  • Swine
                  • Zoonoses / epidemiology

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