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Home / Equine Research Bank / Transbound Emerg Dis / Identification of large genetic variations in the equine inf...
Transboundary and emerging diseases2020; 68(6); 3424-3432; doi: 10.1111/tbed.13946

Identification of large genetic variations in the equine infectious anemia virus tat-gag genomic region.

Abstract: The aetiological agent of equine infectious anaemia (EIA) is the retrovirus equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) that infects all members of the Equidae family. The EIA is widely disseminated in the Brazilian territory with a high seroprevalence in the Brazilian Pantanal and is mainly diagnosed using agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID). There are few complete EIAV genome sequences available in GenBank, which had an impact on molecular detection studies. In this study, we conducted molecular detection and sequencing of EIAV proviral DNA from Brazilian horses. We analysed the genomic region from exon 1 of tat to gag (tat-gag). Comparative serological tests, comprising AGID and two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), were also conducted. Of the 133 samples, 58 were positive in the tat-gag PCR, and 49 nucleotide sequences of 272 bp were obtained. Using this developed tat-gag PCR EIAV proviral DNA was detected in 7% of the AGID-negative samples and 26% of the AGID-negative samples were positive in at least one of the ELISA tests used. Using phylogenetic analysis, the Brazilian Pantanal EIAV sequences grouped in a different clade of EIAV sequences from other countries. Thus, the EIAV sequences can contribute to the knowledge of the tat-gag genomic region in the circulating viruses in the Brazilian Pantanal, in addition to providing new information about the genetic diversity. In addition, the serological results demonstrate the greater sensitivity of the ELISAs used in this study compared to AGID for EIA diagnosis.
© 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
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Publication Date: 2020-12-20 PubMed ID: 33283463DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13946Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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The article discusses the genetic variations in the Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV) in horses in Brazil. It also studies the efficacy of different diagnostic tests for the virus.

Overview of the Study

  • The researchers undertook a molecular analysis of the EIAV, a retrovirus causing equine infectious anaemia (EIA) in horses. EIA is particularly prevalent in Brazil.
  • As part of their research, they investigated the genomic region from exon 1 of tat to gag (tat-gag).
  • The serum samples of 133 horses were studied for the presence of EIAV proviral DNA using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
  • They also compared the efficiency of the widely used diagnostic method Agar Gel Immunodiffusion (AGID) with two types of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISAs) for detecting EIA.

Findings of the Study

  • A total of 58 samples tested positive for EIAV proviral DNA in the tat-gag PCR test.
  • Out of these, 49 nucleotide sequences each of 272bp were obtained and analysed.
  • The research found that the tat-gag PCR test detected EIAV proviral DNA in 7% of the samples, which previously tested negative in AGID test.
  • Additionally, 26% of the AGID-negative samples tested positive for EIA in at least one of the ELISA tests.
  • These findings indicate that the ELISA tests used in the study were more sensitive than AGID in diagnosing EIA.

Genetic Variations and Phylogenetic Analysis

  • The researchers conducted a phylogenetic analysis using the sequenced samples, which suggested that EIAV in Brazilian Pantanal belonged to a different clade than EIAV sequences from other countries.
  • This indicates a unique genetic variation in the EIAV causing illness in this specific geographic region.
  • This genetic information can contribute to an improved understanding of the tat-gag genomic region in the EIAV prevalent in the Brazilian Pantanal, as well as offer new insights into the overall genetic diversity of EIAV.

Cite This Article

APA
Cursino AE, Lima MT, Nogueira MF, de Aguiar DM, Franco Luiz APM, Alves PA, Araujo Junior JP, Kroon EG. (2020). Identification of large genetic variations in the equine infectious anemia virus tat-gag genomic region. Transbound Emerg Dis, 68(6), 3424-3432. https://doi.org/10.1111/tbed.13946

Publication

Transboundary and emerging diseases
ISSN: 1865-1682
NlmUniqueID: 101319538
Country: Germany
Language: English
Volume: 68
Issue: 6
Pages: 3424-3432

Researcher Affiliations

Cursino, Andreia Elisa
  • Laboratório de Vírus, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
Lima, Maurício Teixeira
  • Laboratório de Vírus, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
Nogueira, Márcia Furlan
  • Embrapa Pantanal, Corumbá, MS, Brasil.
de Aguiar, Daniel Moura
  • Laboratório de Virologia e Rickettsioses, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil.
Franco Luiz, Ana Paula Moreira
  • Viriontech do Brasil Indústria de Insumos e Serviços em Biotecnologia, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
Alves, Pedro Augusto
  • Instituto René Rachou, Fiocruz-Minas, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
Araujo Junior, João Pessoa
  • Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Botucatu, SP, Brasil.
Kroon, Erna Geessien
  • Laboratório de Vírus, Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Equine Infectious Anemia / epidemiology
  • Genetic Variation
  • Genomics
  • Horse Diseases
  • Horses
  • Infectious Anemia Virus, Equine / genetics
  • Phylogeny
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies

Grant Funding

  • 02.12.01.030.00.00 / Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuu00e1ria
  • 307423/2015-8 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientu00edfico e Tecnolu00f3gico
  • Fundau00e7u00e3o de Amparo u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
  • 330980/2012 / Fundau00e7u00e3o de Amparo u00e0 Pesquisau00a0do Estado deu00a0Mato Grosso

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