FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 10000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine2007; 54(1); 40-47; doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2007.00870.x

IgE-bearing cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and allergen-specific IgE levels in sera from RAO-affected horses.

Abstract: Recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) is a common condition in stabled horses characterized by small airway inflammation, airway neutrophilia and obstruction following exposure of susceptible horses to mouldy hay and straw and is thus regarded as a hypersensitivity reaction to mould spores. However, the role of immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE) in the pathogenesis of RAO is unclear. We hypothesized that the number of cells with receptor-bound IgE in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and IgE levels in serum would be higher in RAO-affected than in healthy horses living in the same environment. Therefore, IgE-positive (+) cells were identified by immunocytochemistry on cytospins from BALF and counted. IgE levels against the mould extracts Aspergillus fumigatus (Asp. f.) and Alternaria alternata (Alt. a.) and the recombinant mould allergen Aspergillus fumigatus 8 (rAsp f 8) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the sera of seven RAO-affected and 22 clinically healthy mature horses housed in the same conventional stable environment. After correcting for the number of neutrophils, there were no significant differences in IgE+ cells on cytospins from BALF between both groups of horses (5% versus 7%, P > 0.1). Serum IgE levels against the mould extracts were significantly higher in RAO-affected than in clinically healthy horses [median = 119 versus 66 relative ELISA units (REU), P < 0.05]. Furthermore, significantly more RAO-affected than healthy horses had detectable serum IgE against the recombinant allergen rAsp f 8 (4/7 and 3/22, respectively, P < 0.05). Age had no significant effect on BALF cell ratios or on specific serum IgE levels. These results show that high IgE levels against mould antigens are associated with RAO under controlled environmental conditions but ranges of mould-specific serum IgE levels overlapped too much between diseased and clinically healthy animals to be of any diagnostic value. Further studies are needed to assess whether IgE-mediated reactions contribute to the pathogenesis of RAO.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 2007-03-16 PubMed ID: 17359454DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2007.00870.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The researchers studied whether there was a correlation between high levels of a certain antibody, IgE, against mould antigens and the common horse respiratory condition, Recurrent Airway Obstruction (RAO). Results showed that while higher IgE levels were found in RAO-affected horses than healthy horses, the similarities between the two were too significant to be a reliable diagnosis. The researchers suggest further studies to determine if IgE-mediated reactions have a role in causing RAO.

Background and Aim of the Study

  • The study aimed to explore the role of Immunoglobulin E antibodies (IgE) in the pathogenesis of Recurrent Airway Obstruction (RAO), a frequent respiratory disorder in horses.
  • RAO is characterized by small airway inflammation, airway neutrophilia, and obstruction after exposure to mouldy hay and straw, as it is considered an allergic reaction to mould spores.
  • The investigators hypothesized that the IgE bearing cell numbers in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and IgE levels in serum might be higher in horses suffering from RAO than in healthy horses living in the same environment.

Methodology

  • IgE-positive cells were identified by immunocytochemistry on cytospins from BALF and then counted.
  • IgE levels against Aspergillus fumigatus (Asp. f.), Alternaria alternata (Alt. a.) mould extracts, and the recombinant mould allergen Aspergillus fumigatus 8 (rAsp f 8) were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Measurements were taken from seven RAO-affected and twenty-two healthy horses living in the same conventional stable environment.

Results and Conclusion

  • No significant differences in IgE+ cells on cytospins from BALF were found between RAO-affected and healthy horses.
  • However, serum IgE levels against mould extracts were found significantly higher in RAO-affected horses compared to healthy ones.
  • Significantly, more RAO-affected horses had detectable serum IgE against the recombinant allergen rAsp f 8. The age of the horses had no significant effect on BALF cell ratios or specific serum IgE levels.
  • Although these results show an association of higher IgE levels with RAO, the overlap between diseased and healthy animals casts doubt on the diagnostic value of this criterion.
  • Thus, the study concludes that more research is needed to assess and establish whether IgE-mediated reactions contribute significantly to RAO pathogenesis.

Cite This Article

APA
Künzle F, Gerber V, Van Der Haegen A, Wampfler B, Straub R, Marti E. (2007). IgE-bearing cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and allergen-specific IgE levels in sera from RAO-affected horses. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med, 54(1), 40-47. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0442.2007.00870.x

Publication

Journal of veterinary medicine. A, Physiology, pathology, clinical medicine
ISSN: 0931-184X
NlmUniqueID: 100955112
Country: Germany
Language: English
Volume: 54
Issue: 1
Pages: 40-47

Researcher Affiliations

Künzle, F
  • Equine Clinic, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, Länggass-Strasse 124, 3001 Bern, Switzerland.
Gerber, V
    Van Der Haegen, A
      Wampfler, B
        Straub, R
          Marti, E

            MeSH Terms

            • Allergens / immunology
            • Animals
            • Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / immunology
            • Female
            • Horse Diseases / immunology
            • Horses
            • Immunoglobulin E / analysis
            • Immunoglobulin E / blood
            • Lung Diseases, Fungal / immunology
            • Lung Diseases, Fungal / veterinary
            • Lung Diseases, Obstructive / immunology
            • Lung Diseases, Obstructive / veterinary
            • Male
            • Mast Cells / immunology
            • Mitosporic Fungi / immunology

            Citations

            This article has been cited 28 times.
            1. Woodrow JS, Hines M, Sommardahl C, Flatland B, Lo Y, Wang Z, Sheats MK, Lennon EM. Initial investigation of molecular phenotypes of airway mast cells and cytokine profiles in equine asthma. Front Vet Sci 2022;9:997139.
              doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.997139pubmed: 36713876google scholar: lookup
            2. Wyler M, Sage SE, Marti E, White S, Gerber V. Protein microarray allergen profiling in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum of horses with asthma. J Vet Intern Med 2023 Jan;37(1):328-337.
              doi: 10.1111/jvim.16600pubmed: 36479920google scholar: lookup
            3. Klier J, Fuchs S, Winter G, Gehlen H. Inhalative Nanoparticulate CpG Immunotherapy in Severe Equine Asthma: An Innovative Therapeutic Concept and Potential Animal Model for Human Asthma Treatment. Animals (Basel) 2022 Aug 16;12(16).
              doi: 10.3390/ani12162087pubmed: 36009677google scholar: lookup
            4. Gressler AE, Lübke S, Wagner B, Arnold C, Lohmann KL, Schnabel CL. Comprehensive Flow Cytometric Characterization of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Cells Indicates Comparable Phenotypes Between Asthmatic and Healthy Horses But Functional Lymphocyte Differences. Front Immunol 2022;13:896255.
              doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.896255pubmed: 35874777google scholar: lookup
            5. Di Pietro R, Dubuc V, Manguin E, Giroux-Lafond R, Bédard C, Boivin R, Lavoie JP, Vesper SJ, Leclere M. Characterization of fungal exposure and dectin-1 expression in healthy horses and horses with severe asthma. Am J Vet Res 2022 May 8;83(6).
              doi: 10.2460/ajvr.21.09.0143pubmed: 35524958google scholar: lookup
            6. Martins LML. Allergy to Fungi in Veterinary Medicine: Alternaria, Dermatophytes and Malassezia Pay the Bill!. J Fungi (Basel) 2022 Feb 27;8(3).
              doi: 10.3390/jof8030235pubmed: 35330237google scholar: lookup
            7. Lo Feudo CM, Stucchi L, Alberti E, Conturba B, Zucca E, Ferrucci F. Intradermal Testing Results in Horses Affected by Mild-Moderate and Severe Equine Asthma. Animals (Basel) 2021 Jul 13;11(7).
              doi: 10.3390/ani11072086pubmed: 34359214google scholar: lookup
            8. White SJ, Moore-Colyer M, Marti E, Hannant D, Gerber V, Coüetil L, Richard EA, Alcocer M. Antigen array for serological diagnosis and novel allergen identification in severe equine asthma. Sci Rep 2019 Oct 23;9(1):15170.
              doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-51820-7pubmed: 31645629google scholar: lookup
            9. Sheats MK, Davis KU, Poole JA. Comparative Review of Asthma in Farmers and Horses. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2019 Oct 10;19(11):50.
              doi: 10.1007/s11882-019-0882-2pubmed: 31599358google scholar: lookup
            10. White S, Moore-Colyer M, Marti E, Coüetil L, Hannant D, Richard EA, Alcocer M. Development of a comprehensive protein microarray for immunoglobulin E profiling in horses with severe asthma. J Vet Intern Med 2019 Sep;33(5):2327-2335.
              doi: 10.1111/jvim.15564pubmed: 31429513google scholar: lookup
            11. Verdon M, Lanz S, Rhyner C, Gerber V, Marti E. Allergen-specific immunoglobulin E in sera of horses affected with insect bite hypersensitivity, severe equine asthma or both conditions. J Vet Intern Med 2019 Jan;33(1):266-274.
              doi: 10.1111/jvim.15355pubmed: 30520523google scholar: lookup
            12. Klier J, Geis S, Steuer J, Geh K, Reese S, Fuchs S, Mueller RS, Winter G, Gehlen H. A comparison of nanoparticullate CpG immunotherapy with and without allergens in spontaneously equine asthma-affected horses, an animal model. Immun Inflamm Dis 2018 Mar;6(1):81-96.
              doi: 10.1002/iid3.198pubmed: 29094511google scholar: lookup
            13. Mueller RS, Janda J, Jensen-Jarolim E, Rhyner C, Marti E. Allergens in veterinary medicine. Allergy 2016 Jan;71(1):27-35.
              doi: 10.1111/all.12726pubmed: 26280544google scholar: lookup
            14. Klier J, Lehmann B, Fuchs S, Reese S, Hirschmann A, Coester C, Winter G, Gehlen H. Nanoparticulate CpG immunotherapy in RAO-affected horses: phase I and IIa study. J Vet Intern Med 2015 Jan;29(1):286-93.
              doi: 10.1111/jvim.12524pubmed: 25619520google scholar: lookup
            15. Sabban S, Ye H, Helm B. Development of an in vitro model system for studying the interaction of Equus caballus IgE with its high-affinity receptor FcεRI. J Vis Exp 2014 Nov 1;(93):e52222.
              doi: 10.3791/52222pubmed: 25406512google scholar: lookup
            16. Sarmiento J, Perez B, Morales N, Henriquez C, Vidal L, Folch H, Galecio JS, Morán G. Apoptotic effects of tamoxifen on leukocytes from horse peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Vet Res Commun 2013 Dec;37(4):333-8.
              doi: 10.1007/s11259-013-9571-0pubmed: 23846832google scholar: lookup
            17. Moran G, Folch H, Henriquez C, Ortloff A, Barria M. Reaginic antibodies from horses with recurrent airway obstruction produce mast cell stimulation. Vet Res Commun 2012 Dec;36(4):251-8.
              doi: 10.1007/s11259-012-9534-xpubmed: 23011757google scholar: lookup
            18. Moran G, Buechner-Maxwell VA, Folch H, Henriquez C, Galecio JS, Perez B, Carrasco C, Barria M. Increased apoptosis of CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes in the airways of horses with recurrent airway obstruction. Vet Res Commun 2011 Oct;35(7):447-56.
              doi: 10.1007/s11259-011-9482-xpubmed: 21594641google scholar: lookup
            19. Morán G, Folch H, Araya O, Burgos R, Barria M. Detection of reaginic antibodies against Faenia rectivirgula from the serum of horses affected with Recurrent Airway Obstruction by an in vitro bioassay. Vet Res Commun 2010 Dec;34(8):719-26.
              doi: 10.1007/s11259-010-9440-zpubmed: 20814741google scholar: lookup
            20. Morán G, Burgos R, Araya O, Folch H. In vitro bioassay to detect reaginic antibodies from the serum of horses affected with recurrent airway obstruction. Vet Res Commun 2010 Jan;34(1):91-9.
              doi: 10.1007/s11259-009-9334-0pubmed: 20012188google scholar: lookup
            21. Ardicli S, Ardicli O, Yazici D, Pat Y, Babayev H, Xiong P, Zeyneloglu C, Garcia-Sanchez A, Shi LL, Viscardi OG, Skolnick S, Ogulur I, Dhir R, Jutel M, Agache I, Janda J, Pali-Schöll I, Nadeau KC, Akdis M, Akdis CA. Epithelial barrier dysfunction and associated diseases in companion animals: Differences and similarities between humans and animals and research needs. Allergy 2024 Dec;79(12):3238-3268.
              doi: 10.1111/all.16343pubmed: 39417247google scholar: lookup
            22. Wjst VF, Lübke S, Wagner B, Rhyner C, Jentsch MC, Arnold C, Lohmann KL, Schnabel CL. Aspergillus fumigatus antigen-reactive Th17 cells are enriched in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in severe equine asthma. Front Immunol 2024;15:1367971.
              doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1367971pubmed: 39229267google scholar: lookup
            23. Jentsch MC, Keilhaue A, Wagner B, Rhyner C, Lübke S, Karagulyan M, Arnold C, Lohmann KL, Schnabel CL. Aspergillus fumigatus binding IgA and IgG1 are increased in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of horses with neutrophilic asthma. Front Immunol 2024;15:1406794.
              doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1406794pubmed: 38953030google scholar: lookup
            24. Jentsch MC, Lübke S, Schrödl W, Volke D, Krizsan A, Hoffmann R, Kaiser-Thom S, Gerber V, Marti E, Wagner B, Schnabel CL. Immunoproteomics enable broad identification of new Aspergillus fumigatus antigens in severe equine asthma. Front Immunol 2024;15:1347164.
              doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1347164pubmed: 38487534google scholar: lookup
            25. Schnabel CL, Jentsch MC, Lübke S, Kaiser-Thom S, Gerber V, Vrtala S, Huang HJ, Rhyner C, Wagner B, Hoffmann R, Volke D. Immunoproteomics reveal increased serum IgG3/5 binding to Dermatophagoides and yeast protein antigens in severe equine asthma in a preliminary study. Front Immunol 2023;14:1293684.
              doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1293684pubmed: 38162673google scholar: lookup
            26. Simões J, Tilley P. Decision Making in Severe Equine Asthma-Diagnosis and Monitoring. Animals (Basel) 2023 Dec 16;13(24).
              doi: 10.3390/ani13243872pubmed: 38136909google scholar: lookup
            27. White SJ, Couetil L, Richard EA, Marti E, Wilson PB. Microarray molecular mapping of horses with severe asthma. J Vet Intern Med 2024 Jan-Feb;38(1):477-484.
              doi: 10.1111/jvim.16951pubmed: 38071496google scholar: lookup
            28. Martins LML. Survey of Sensitization to Common Fungi in an Allergic Dog Population: The Need for Further Focus on Sensitization and Allergy to Fungi in Veterinary Medicine. J Fungi (Basel) 2023 Nov 3;9(11).
              doi: 10.3390/jof9111075pubmed: 37998880google scholar: lookup
            Subscribe to our newsletter
            Join 99,658 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.