Immune response of horses to vaccination with the recombinant Hc domain of botulinum neurotoxin types C and D.
Abstract: Botulinum neurotoxins, predominantly serotypes C and D, cause equine botulism through forage poisoning. The C-terminal part of the heavy chain of botulinum neurotoxin types C and D (HcBoNT/C and D) was expressed in Escherichia coli and evaluated as a recombinant mono- and bivalent vaccine in twelve horses in comparison to a commercially available toxoid vaccine. A three-dose subcutaneous immunization of adult horses elicited robust serum antibody response in an ELISA using the immunogen as a capture antigen. Immune sera showed dose-dependent high potency in neutralizing specifically the active BoNT/C and D in the mouse protection assay. The aluminium hydroxide based mono- and bivalent recombinant HcBoNT/C and D vaccines were characterized by good compatibility and the ability to elicit protective antibody titers similar or superior to the commercially available toxoid vaccine.
Publication Date: 2009-07-29 PubMed ID: 19646409DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.07.021Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Comparative Study
- Journal Article
Summary
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This study evaluates a potential alternative vaccine for equine botulism by utilizing the C-terminal part of the heavy chains of botulinum neurotoxin types C and D, areas in the toxins known to trigger immune responses. The article reports that this method, when used on horses, not only elicits a strong immune response similar to or better than commercial vaccines but is also well tolerated.
Study Background and Objective
- The research is focused on finding an alternative to commercial vaccines for equine botulism, a severe and often fatal disease in horses caused mainly by the botulinum neurotoxin types C and D.
- The aim of this study was to test a new type of vaccine that targeted the C-terminal part of the heavy chains of botulinum neurotoxin types C and D (HcBoNT/C and D), known to instigate immune responses.
Study Methodology
- The C-terminal part of the HcBoNT/C and D was produced within Escherichia coli, a common bacteria used in scientific study due to its rapid growth and well-understood genetics.
- The recombinant vaccine (that is, a vaccine created using recombinant DNA technology) was then tested on twelve adult horses.
- Each of the horses received three doses of the vaccine, which was injected subcutaneously (under the skin).
Study Findings
- Following vaccination, the horses displayed strong serum antibody responses which were tested via an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the antigen from the vaccine.
- In further testing, the sera of the vaccinated horses showed significant effectiveness in neutralizing botulinum neurotoxin types C and D in a mouse protection assay, a common test to measure the protective efficacy of vaccines.
- The vaccine was found to be well-tolerated by the horses, with the use of an aluminium hydroxide base.
Conclusion
- In conclusion, the tested recombinant vaccine elicited a robust immune response similarly, or superiorly, to commercially available vaccines, indicating its potential as a viable alternative.
- The results are promising and further research could lead to improved equine botulism prevention methods.
Cite This Article
APA
Stahl C, Unger L, Mazuet C, Popoff M, Straub R, Frey J.
(2009).
Immune response of horses to vaccination with the recombinant Hc domain of botulinum neurotoxin types C and D.
Vaccine, 27(41), 5661-5666.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.07.021 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Equine Clinic, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, Länggassstrasse 124, CH-3012 Berne, Switzerland.
MeSH Terms
- Adjuvants, Immunologic / administration & dosage
- Aluminum Hydroxide / administration & dosage
- Animals
- Antibodies, Bacterial / blood
- Antitoxins / blood
- Bacterial Vaccines / administration & dosage
- Bacterial Vaccines / immunology
- Botulinum Toxins / genetics
- Botulinum Toxins / immunology
- Botulism / prevention & control
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Escherichia coli / genetics
- Horses
- Immunization, Secondary / methods
- Injections, Subcutaneous
- Male
- Mice
- Neutralization Tests
- Protein Structure, Tertiary
- Vaccines, Synthetic / administration & dosage
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Ben David A, Barnea A, Torgeman A, Diamant E, Dor E, Schwartz A, Rosen O, Caspi N, Saraf M, Lerer E, Adar Y, Lupo E, Toister E, Zichel R. Immunologic and Protective Properties of Subunit- vs. Whole Toxoid-Derived Anti-Botulinum Equine Antitoxin.. Vaccines (Basel) 2022 Sep 14;10(9).
- Moreira C Jr, Ferreira MRA, da Cunha CEP, Donassolo RA, Finger PF, Moreira GMSG, Otaka DY, de Sousa LA, Barbosa JD, Moreira ÂN, Salvarani FM, Conceição FR. Immunogenicity of a Bivalent Non-Purified Recombinant Vaccine against Botulism in Cattle.. Toxins (Basel) 2018 Sep 20;10(10).
- Conway JO, Sherwood LJ, Collazo MT, Garza JA, Hayhurst A. Llama single domain antibodies specific for the 7 botulinum neurotoxin serotypes as heptaplex immunoreagents.. PLoS One 2010 Jan 21;5(1):e8818.
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