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Home / Equine Research Bank / Anim Sci J / Impact of the mare colostral immunoglobulins on the expressi...
Animal science journal = Nihon chikusan Gakkaiho2024; 95(1); e70007; doi: 10.1111/asj.70007

Impact of the mare colostral immunoglobulins on the expression of TLR3, TLR4, and TLR7 in foals.

Abstract: Colostrum contains substances such as hormones, enzymes, polyamides, nucleic acid derivatives, and amino acid derivatives and also includes immunomodulating substances, proline-rich polypeptides, immunoglobulins (Ig) as well as bacteriostatic compounds. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of colostral Ig on the level of expression of selected Toll-like receptor genes (TLR3, TLR4, and TLR7). The experiments were conducted on 25 Polish Pony foals. Blood samples were collected according to the following scheme: before first suckling, at the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 10th, 20th, and 30th, day of age. Colostrum was obtained before the first suckling, 24 hr, and 3 days after the delivery. Gene expression analyses were performed on Illumina Eco using a commercial kit TaqMan®MGB probes. The quality of colostrum was assessed via refractometer and BRIX value. The total Ig level was calculated from the spectrophotometric method. IgG levels were measured using ELISA assay. The quality of colostrum significantly correlated with TLR4 and TLR7 expression. Foals that ingested colostrum with low Ig content displayed a higher level of TLR4 gene expression, while in the case of TLR7 the opposite trend was shown. This result indicates that colostrum may play an important role in shaping the mechanisms of building the immune system's response to bacterial pathogens.
© 2024 Japanese Society of Animal Science.
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Publication Date: 2024-11-13 PubMed ID: 39523490DOI: 10.1111/asj.70007Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study investigates how immunoglobulins (Ig) in colostrum, the first form of milk, affects the expression of specific genes (TLR3, TLR4, and TLR7) in foals. The findings suggest that the quality of colostrum can influence the immune response to bacterial pathogens in young horses.

Research Methodology

  • The research was conducted on 25 Polish Pony foals.
  • Blood samples were collected from these foals at various time intervals: before their first colostrum intake, on the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 10th, 20th, and 30th day of age.
  • Colostrum samples were obtained before the first feeding, at 24 hours, and at 3 days following birth. The quality of the colostrum was gauged using a refractometer and BRIX value, which measure the sugar content in the colostrum.
  • Different laboratory tests, including a spectrophotometric method and ELISA assay, were used to evaluate the total Ig and IgG levels in the colostrum.
  • Gene expression was analyzed using Illumina Eco and a commercial TaqMan®MGB probe kit – a PCR-based method that allows for the amplification and detection of specific gene sequences.

Study Findings

  • The quality of colostrum had a notable correlation with the expression of TLR4 and TLR7 genes. These genes are part of the toll-like receptor family, which plays a crucial role in the innate immune system.
  • Foals that consumed colostrum with low Ig content showed an increased level of TLR4 gene expression. Overexpression of the TLR4 gene is generally associated with an enhanced immune response towards bacterial infections.
  • In contrast, for TLR7, the trend was reversed. Foals consuming colostrum with higher Ig levels showed higher expression of TLR7. TLR7 is known to recognize viral nucleic acids and its expression is typically seen to increase during viral infections.

Significance of the Study

  • This study vaguely indicates that colostrum quality, specifically its Ig content, may have an influence on the development of the foal’s immune system. High-quality colostrum (with higher Ig content) may aid in preparing the neonate’s immune system for potential bacterial and viral pathogens.

Cite This Article

APA
Migdał A, Migdał Ł, Oczkowicz M, Tombarkiewicz B, Okólski A. (2024). Impact of the mare colostral immunoglobulins on the expression of TLR3, TLR4, and TLR7 in foals. Anim Sci J, 95(1), e70007. https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.70007

Publication

Animal science journal = Nihon chikusan Gakkaiho
ISSN: 1740-0929
NlmUniqueID: 100956805
Country: Australia
Language: English
Volume: 95
Issue: 1
Pages: e70007

Researcher Affiliations

Migdał, Anna
  • Department of Genetics, Animal Breeding and Ethology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland.
Migdał, Łukasz
  • Department of Genetics, Animal Breeding and Ethology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland.
Oczkowicz, Maria
  • Department of Animal Molecular Biology, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Poland.
Tombarkiewicz, Barbara
  • Department of Zoology and Animal Welfare, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland.
Okólski, Adam
  • Institute of Veterinary Science, University Centre of Veterinary Medicine UJ-UR, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Horses / immunology
  • Colostrum / chemistry
  • Colostrum / immunology
  • Toll-Like Receptor 3 / metabolism
  • Toll-Like Receptor 3 / genetics
  • Toll-Like Receptor 4 / metabolism
  • Toll-Like Receptor 4 / genetics
  • Toll-Like Receptor 7 / genetics
  • Toll-Like Receptor 7 / metabolism
  • Female
  • Immunoglobulins / metabolism
  • Immunoglobulins / genetics
  • Gene Expression / drug effects
  • Animals, Newborn
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Animals, Suckling

Grant Funding

  • DS 3208 / Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Poland
  • SUB.2015-D201 / Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Poland

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