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Effectiveness of immunization with multi-component bacterial immunomodulator in foals at 35th day of life.
Abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate the mechanisms leading to immunization through the use of a multicomponent bacterial immunomodulator and to find out the relationship between the TLR 4 receptor with selected parameters of innate immunity and to acquire immunity. The study was conducted on 18 Polish Pony Horses foals divided into two study groups: control (n = 9) and experimental (n = 9). Foals from the experimental group received intramuscular duplicate injection of 5 ml of multi-component bacterial immunomodular at 35 and 40 days of age. RNA isolated from venous blood was used to evaluate the expression of TLR4 genes using RT-PCR. Concentration of Il-6, IL-10, IgM and IgG2 was determined by the ELISA method in blood plasma. Immunostimulation had a significant impact on the level of genes expression for TLR4 expression and IL-6 concentration. No effect of stimulation on IgM and IgG2 concentrations was found. The expression of TLR4 genes as well as the levels of interleukins could be modulated by stimulation with a pharmacological agent multi-component bacterial immunomodulator. The experiment demonstrated a strong positive correlation between TLR4 gene expression and IL-6 concentration and between TLR4 gene expression and IgM concentration.
© 2022. The Author(s).
Publication Date: 2022-09-22 PubMed ID: 36138050PubMed Central: PMC9499974DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17532-1Google Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
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The research focuses on the effectiveness of a bacterial immunomodulator on foal immunity at the 35th day of life. The study demonstrates significant changes in the expression of the TLR4 gene and IL-6 concentration post-immunostimulation, and a firm positive correlation between TLR4 gene expression and both IL-6 and IgM concentrations.
Research Methodology
- The research was conducted on 18 Polish Pony Horses, which were separated into two groups: the control group and the experimental group, each comprising of 9 foals.
- While the control group wasn’t subjected to any particular treatment, the foals in the experimental group were administered an intramuscular injection of 5ml of a multi-component bacterial immunomodulator twice, once at the age of 35 days and again at 40 days.
- The expression of the TLR4 genes was studied using RNA isolated from venous blood – this was carried out using a method known as RT-PCR (Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction).
- In order to measure the concentrations of Il-6, IL-10, IgM, and IgG2, the ELISA (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) method was used.
Research Findings
- Immunostimulation resulted in evident changes in the levels of TLR4 gene expression and the concentration of IL-6.
- The immunostimulation procedure had no discernable effect on the concentrations of IgM and IgG2.
- The levels of TLR4 gene expression and interleukins could potentially be regulated through stimulation with a multicomponent bacterial immunomodulator.
- The research found a strong positive correlation between TLR4 gene expression and IL-6 concentration, as well as between TLR4 gene expression and IgM concentration.
Conclusions
- The study concluded that the immunostimulation using a multi-component bacterial immunomodulator can have a significant effect on the immune system of a young foal. This is particularly observable in the increased expression of the TLR4 gene and the concentration of IL-6 in the blood.
- While the immunomodulator didn’t appear to directly influence the levels of IgM and IgG2, there was still a strong correlation found between the expression of TLR4 genes and IgM concentration, thereby indicating a potential indirect relationship.
- The results of the study suggest that the use of a multi-component bacterial immunomodulator could potentially be a viable strategy for stimulating and strengthening the immune system in foal horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Anna M, u0141ukasz M, Adam O, Cheu0142mou0144ska-Soyta A.
(2022).
Effectiveness of immunization with multi-component bacterial immunomodulator in foals at 35th day of life.
Sci Rep, 12(1), 15795.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-17532-1 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Genetics, Animal Breeding and Ethology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059, Kraku00f3w, Poland. anna.migdal@urk.edu.pl.
- Department of Genetics, Animal Breeding and Ethology, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059, Kraku00f3w, Poland.
- University Centre of Veterinary Medicine UJ-UR, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059, Kraku00f3w, Poland.
- Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12 Street, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland.
- Department of Immunology, Pathophysiology and Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Division of Immunologyand Veterinary Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmentaland Life Sciences, Norwida 31 Street, 50-375, Wroclaw, Poland.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Horses
- Immunoglobulin G
- Immunoglobulin M
- Immunologic Factors / pharmacology
- Interleukin-10
- Interleukin-6 / genetics
- Interleukin-6 / metabolism
- Interleukins
- RNA
- Toll-Like Receptor 4 / genetics
- Vaccination
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare no competing interests.
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