Induction of intra-articular tumour necrosis factor during acute inflammatory responses in equine arthritis.
Abstract: Synovial fluid (SF) was collected at 2, 12 and 26 h post racing from 5 Thoroughbred horses (6 joints) with degenerative joint disease. The effects of serial arthrocentesis on SF TNF alpha levels were controlled for by testing, in parallel, site- and time-matched samples from clinically normal horses (i.e. without arthritis). A significant induction in TNF alpha bioactivity was detected in SF from arthritic joints (compared to the control joints) over the 26 h following racing. After subtraction of values for the arthrocentesis control SF, TNF alpha and protein levels and WBC and mononuclear cell numbers each peaked at 12 h in the SF from the degenerative joints, although there were no statistically significant correlations between any of these parameters. The presence in the SF of TNF alpha, as well as immunoreactive IL-1 beta and IL-6, was confirmed through use of specific anti-human cytokine IgG antibodies in neutralisation and slot-blot radioimmunoassays. TNF beta was not detected in the SF by slot-blot radioimmunoassay. These results suggest that a significant increase in intra-articular TNF alpha occurs during acute inflammatory arthritis in horses. The lack of correlation between infiltrating inflammatory cells and SF TNF alpha levels further suggests that the source of TNF alpha may be resident cells of the joint, as opposed to infiltrating cells found within the joint fluids. SF from clinically normal and arthritic joints of racing and hospitalised horses were also screened for bioactive TNF alpha.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Publication Date: 1995-05-01 PubMed ID: 7556048DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1995.tb03064.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This study explores whether there’s a notable increase in tumour necrosis factor (TNF alpha) in horses’ joints during acute inflammatory arthritis. The researchers observed this phenomenon by analysing synovial fluid in horses with degenerative joint disease after racing.
Methods: Sample Collection and Analysis
- The synovial fluid (SF) samples were collected at intervals of 2, 12, and 26 hours post-racing from thoroughbred horses diagnosed with degenerative joint disease.
- For control samples, matching healthy horses without arthritis were utilized to monitor the effects of serial arthrocentesis on SF TNF alpha levels.
Results: SF TNF Alpha Levels and Inflammatory Indicators
- A significant increase in TNF alpha bioactivity was discovered in the arthritic SF when compared to control joints within 26 hours following a race.
- Highest levels of TNF alpha and proteins, and maximum numbers of white blood cells (WBC) and mononuclear cells, were observed in the degenerative SF at 12 hours.
- Despite this, there was no substantial correlation found between TNF alpha levels in the SF and the amount of inflammatory cells present.
Confirmation of Cytokines and Absence of Correlation
- Using specific anti-human cytokine IgG antibodies, the researchers confirmed the presence in the SF of TNF alpha along with other cytokines, Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6), through neutralisation and slot-blot radioimmunoassays.
- However, they did not detect the presence of TNF beta in the SF.
Conclusion and Implications
- Results suggest a significant increase in intra-articular TNF alpha during acute inflammatory arthritis in horses.
- The absence of a correlation between TNF alpha levels and the presence of inflammatory cells indicates that the TNF alpha may come from the joint’s resident cells rather than the infiltrating cells within the joint fluids.
- This study helps understand the dynamics of inflammation in horses with arthritis, which could provide insights for developing better treatment approaches.
Cite This Article
APA
Billinghurst RC, Fretz PB, Gordon JR.
(1995).
Induction of intra-articular tumour necrosis factor during acute inflammatory responses in equine arthritis.
Equine Vet J, 27(3), 208-216.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.1995.tb03064.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Arthritis / metabolism
- Arthritis / veterinary
- Cartilage, Articular / chemistry
- Cartilage, Articular / immunology
- Cartilage, Articular / metabolism
- Erythrocyte Count / veterinary
- Horse Diseases / metabolism
- Horses / blood
- Horses / immunology
- Horses / metabolism
- Hyaluronoglucosaminidase / pharmacology
- Interleukin-1 / analysis
- Interleukin-6 / analysis
- Leukocyte Count / veterinary
- Proteins / analysis
- Radioimmunoassay / veterinary
- Synovial Fluid / chemistry
- Synovial Fluid / cytology
- Synovial Fluid / metabolism
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / analysis
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism
Citations
This article has been cited 5 times.- Fasanello DC, Su J, Deng S, Yin R, Colville MJ, Berenson JM, Kelly CM, Freer H, Rollins A, Wagner B, Rivas F, Hall AR, Rahbar E, DeAngelis PL, Paszek MJ, Reesink HL. Hyaluronic acid synthesis, degradation, and crosslinking in equine osteoarthritis: TNF-α-TSG-6-mediated HC-HA formation. Arthritis Res Ther 2021 Aug 20;23(1):218.
- Niemelä TM, Tulamo RM, Carmona JU, López C. Evaluation of the effect of experimentally induced cartilage defect and intra-articular hyaluronan on synovial fluid biomarkers in intercarpal joints of horses. Acta Vet Scand 2019 May 30;61(1):24.
- Turło A, Cywińska A, Czopowicz M, Witkowski L, Niedźwiedź A, Słowikowska M, Borowicz H, Jaśkiewicz A, Winnicka A. The Effect of Different Types of Musculoskeletal Injuries on Blood Concentration of Serum Amyloid A in Thoroughbred Racehorses. PLoS One 2015;10(10):e0140673.
- Moreira JJ, Moraes AP, Brossi PM, Machado TS, Michelacci YM, Massoco CO, Baccarin RY. Autologous processed plasma: cytokine profile and effects upon injection into healthy equine joints. J Vet Sci 2015;16(1):47-55.
- Allen CA, Payne SL, Harville M, Cohen N, Russell KE. Validation of quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays for measuring cytokine expression in equine macrophages. J Immunol Methods 2007 Dec 1;328(1-2):59-69.
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