Inoculation of mares and very young foals with EHV-1 glycoproteins D and B reduces virus shedding following respiratory challenge with EHV-1.
Abstract: We have previously demonstrated that intramuscular inoculation of EHV-1 glycoprotein D (gD) and glycoprotein B (gB) produced by a recombinant baculovirus and formulated with the adjuvant Iscomatrix elicited virus-neutralizing antibody and gD- and gB-specific ELISA antibody in adult horses. In this study, 14 mares and their very young foals were inoculated with a combination of baculovirus-expressed EHV-1 gD and EHV-1 gB (EHV-1 gDBr) and challenged with a respiratory strain of EHV-1. Following experimental challenge, inoculated mares and foals shed virus in nasal secretions on significantly fewer occasions compared to uninoculated mares and foals. Uninoculated foals born from inoculated mares were no more protected against experimental challenge than uninoculated foals born from uninoculated mares. The results suggest that it is indeed possible to induce partial protection in very young foals through vaccination, and while the inoculation did not prevent infection, it did reduce the frequency of viral shedding with the potential to thereby reduce the risk and prevalence of infection in a herd situation.
Publication Date: 2006-02-28 PubMed ID: 16504306DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2006.01.012Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
- Research Support
- Non-U.S. Gov't
Summary
This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.
This research aims to explore the potential benefits of inoculating mares and very young foals with Equine Herpesvirus-1 (EHV-1) glycoproteins D and B, in reducing virus shedding subsequent to a respiratory challenge with EHV-1.
Introduction
- The Equine Herpesviruses are prevalent and important pathogens in horse populations worldwide.
- Prior work by the research team demonstrated that intramuscular inoculation of adult horses with EHV-1 glycoprotein D (gD) and glycoprotein B (gB) developed virus-neutralizing antibodies.
- This experiment was designed to investigate the potential of this vaccination technique to protect very young foals and reduce virus shedding.
Methodology
- A total of 14 mares and their newborn foals were selected for the study.
- These subjects were inoculated with a combination of baculovirus-expressed EHV-1 gD and EHV-1 gB, also referred to as EHV-1 gDBr.
- After allowing sufficient time for antibody production, the subjects were intentionally exposed to a respiratory strain of EHV-1 to test the efficacy of the vaccine.
Findings
- The study found that inoculated mares and foals shed the EHV-1 virus less frequently than those who were not inoculated.
- This implies that the vaccine, while not fully protective against infection, was able to reduce the spread of the virus.
- Interestingly, the study also found that the offspring of vaccinated mares were no more protected against the disease than those born from unvaccinated mares, suggesting that there was no significant maternal immunity transfer occurring via the placenta or colostrum.
Conclusion
- In conclusion, this research suggests that vaccination with EHV-1 glycoproteins may help reduce the spread and prevalence of the EHV-1 virus within a herd.
- However, the vaccine does not completely prevent infection, and does not grant any significant maternal immunity transfer to offspring. Therefore, foals themselves would need to be vaccinated to achieve individual protection.
Cite This Article
APA
Foote CE, Raidal SL, Pecenpetelovska G, Wellington JE, Whalley JM.
(2006).
Inoculation of mares and very young foals with EHV-1 glycoproteins D and B reduces virus shedding following respiratory challenge with EHV-1.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 111(1-2), 97-108.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2006.01.012 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney 2109, Australia.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Animals, Newborn
- Antibodies, Viral / blood
- DNA, Viral / chemistry
- DNA, Viral / genetics
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / veterinary
- Female
- Herpesviridae Infections / immunology
- Herpesviridae Infections / prevention & control
- Herpesviridae Infections / veterinary
- Herpesviridae Infections / virology
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / genetics
- Herpesvirus 1, Equid / immunology
- Herpesvirus Vaccines / immunology
- Herpesvirus Vaccines / therapeutic use
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horse Diseases / prevention & control
- Horse Diseases / virology
- Horses
- Immunization / methods
- Immunization / veterinary
- Nasal Mucosa / virology
- Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary
- Pregnancy
- Recombinant Proteins / genetics
- Recombinant Proteins / immunology
- Viral Envelope Proteins / genetics
- Viral Envelope Proteins / immunology
- Virus Shedding
Citations
This article has been cited 2 times.- Liu SA, Stanfield BA, Chouljenko VN, Naidu S, Langohr I, Del Piero F, Ferracone J, Roy AA, Kousoulas KG. Intramuscular Immunization of Mice with the Live-Attenuated Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Vaccine Strain VC2 Expressing Equine Herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) Glycoprotein D Generates Anti-EHV-1 Immune Responses in Mice. J Virol 2017 Jun 15;91(12).
- Pusterla N, Dorman DC, Burgess BA, Goehring L, Gross M, Osterrieder K, Soboll Hussey G, Lunn DP. Viremia and nasal shedding for the diagnosis of equine herpesvirus-1 infection in domesticated horses. J Vet Intern Med 2024 May-Jun;38(3):1765-1791.
Use Nutrition Calculator
Check if your horse's diet meets their nutrition requirements with our easy-to-use tool Check your horse's diet with our easy-to-use tool
Talk to a Nutritionist
Discuss your horse's feeding plan with our experts over a free phone consultation Discuss your horse's diet over a phone consultation
Submit Diet Evaluation
Get a customized feeding plan for your horse formulated by our equine nutritionists Get a custom feeding plan formulated by our nutritionists
