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Veterinary microbiology2011; 152(1-2); 67-73; doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.04.016

Molecular characterization and analysis of equine rotavirus circulating in Japan from 2003 to 2008.

Abstract: Using a total of 2018 fecal samples collected between 2003 and 2008 from foals with diarrhea, the molecular epidemiology of group A equine rotaviruses circulating in Japan was investigated by the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) typing and sequence analysis of the VP4 (P type) and VP7 (G type) genes. A total of 1149 samples showed positive reactions with RT-PCR, of which 462 samples (40.2%) were positive for G3 type, 502 samples (43.7%) were positive for G14 type, and 185 samples (16.1%) were positive for both G3 and G14 types. To examine P types, 59 G3 and 56 G14 positive samples were used. The majority of the samples (96.5%) were characterized as P[12] type. In a phylogenetic analysis, the VP4 gene of the P[12] type in Japan was found to be conserved for a long time. The VP7 sequences of the G3 type were found to be clustered in the same group as the HO-5 strain, which is a G3 strain that was isolated in 1982 in Japan. In contrast, the VP7 sequences of the G14 type, which were in circulation between 2003 and 2008, were clustered differently from those of the G14 type strains isolated in Japan in the late 1990 s. These results suggest that the VP7 gene of the G3 type has been conserved over 25 years, while the VP7 gene of the G14 type circulating between 2003 and 2008 appears to have re-emerged in or invaded Japan around 2000.
Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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Publication Date: 2011-04-22 PubMed ID: 21565456DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.04.016Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

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The research article delves into the detailed examination of group A equine rotaviruses (a common cause of diarrhoea in foals) prevalent in Japan from 2003 to 2008. This analysis is conducted by studying the genetic material of the virus present in more than 1000 fecal samples, with findings that reveal the persistence of certain gene types over years and the emergence of new ones.

Sampling and Molecular Evaluation

  • The research involved the collection and investigation of 2018 fecal samples from foals suffering from diarrhea by conducting reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) typing. This is a process intended to identify the genetic structure of pathogens causing the illness.
  • The research focused on grouping the obtained results based on the type of VP4 (P type) and VP7 (G type) genes – the two main protein-forming genes of rotaviruses.

Analysis of P and G type Genes

  • Out of the 1149 samples that showed positive for rotavirus, 462 (40.2%) were positive for G3 type, 502 (43.7%) samples showed positivity for G14 type, and 185 samples (16.1%) showed positivity for both G3 and G14 types.
  • The research further categorized 59 G3 positive samples and 56 G14 positive samples to determine their P types.
  • The majority of the samples (96.5%) were identified as P[12] types, revealing the widespread prevalence and survival of this strain of virus in the population.

Phylogenetic Analysis and Observations

  • A phylogenetic analysis was conducted, which compares the genetic sequences in the viruses and draws relationships among them. This is done to trace the evolution or history of these viruses.
  • The VP4 gene of the P[12] type was observed to be conserved for many years in the population; this suggests the stable nature of this genetic structure.
  • In contrast, the VP7 sequences of the G3 type were found related to a strain isolated in 1982 (HO-5 strain), indicating its presence in Japan for over 25 years.
  • However, the VP7 sequences of the G14 type prevalent from 2003 to 2008 were observed to be distinct from the strains circulating in the 1990s, suggesting a recent emergence or invasion of this new strain around 2000.

Cite This Article

APA
Nemoto M, Tsunemitsu H, Imagawa H, Hata H, Higuchi T, Sato S, Orita Y, Sugita S, Bannai H, Tsujimura K, Yamanaka T, Kondo T, Matsumura T. (2011). Molecular characterization and analysis of equine rotavirus circulating in Japan from 2003 to 2008. Vet Microbiol, 152(1-2), 67-73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2011.04.016

Publication

Veterinary microbiology
ISSN: 1873-2542
NlmUniqueID: 7705469
Country: Netherlands
Language: English
Volume: 152
Issue: 1-2
Pages: 67-73

Researcher Affiliations

Nemoto, Manabu
  • Epizootic Research Center, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, 1400-4 Shiba, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan. nemoto_manabu@epizoo.equinst.go.jp
Tsunemitsu, Hiroshi
    Imagawa, Hiroshi
      Hata, Hideaki
        Higuchi, Tohru
          Sato, Shinsuke
            Orita, Yasuhiro
              Sugita, Shigeo
                Bannai, Hiroshi
                  Tsujimura, Koji
                    Yamanaka, Takashi
                      Kondo, Takashi
                        Matsumura, Tomio

                          MeSH Terms

                          • Animals
                          • Antigens, Viral / genetics
                          • Capsid Proteins / genetics
                          • Diarrhea / veterinary
                          • Diarrhea / virology
                          • Feces / virology
                          • Horse Diseases / epidemiology
                          • Horse Diseases / virology
                          • Horses / virology
                          • Japan / epidemiology
                          • Molecular Epidemiology
                          • Phylogeny
                          • RNA, Viral / genetics
                          • RNA, Viral / isolation & purification
                          • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
                          • Rotavirus / classification
                          • Rotavirus / genetics
                          • Rotavirus / isolation & purification
                          • Rotavirus Infections / epidemiology
                          • Rotavirus Infections / veterinary
                          • Rotavirus Infections / virology
                          • Sequence Analysis, RNA

                          Citations

                          This article has been cited 13 times.
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