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Home / Equine Research Bank / Vet Med Int / Molecular Characterization of Bovine Deltapapillomavirus in ...
Veterinary medicine international2025; 2025; 9773642; doi: 10.1155/vmi/9773642

Molecular Characterization of Bovine Deltapapillomavirus in Equine Sarcoids in Egypt.

Abstract: Bovine papillomaviruses (BPVs) commonly cause sarcoids in equines worldwide. Equine sarcoids (ESs) reduce the working ability of draft animals and produce untoward cosmetic changes in racing and dancing equine. In this study, nine horses and 16 donkeys with sarcoids were presented to Zagazig University Veterinary Clinic, Zagazig, Egypt. Of these, eight horses and six donkeys were found to be infected with BPV. On sequencing, all 14 viruses were found to be BPV1, which were distributed in two clades without specific differentiation among papillomaviruses (PVs) of donkeys, horses, and cattle. Comparison of 135 aa (319-454) of the sequenced L1 gene with reference strains revealed three conservative mutations (D346N, Q398E, and F441Y) and two nonconservative mutations (T348N and K351T). Illumina sequencing revealed that PVs of donkeys and horses were identical and had 98.5% identity with the closest reference sequence (KX907623) of BPV1. In addition, there was high identity among all genes except E5 and L2. The substitution ranged between 0.5% (nt) and 0.89% (aa) in E4 and 5.18% (nt) and 6.81% (aa) in E5. These results indicate that BPV1 is the main cause of ESs in Egypt without marked phylogenetic variation among PVs of cattle, horses, and donkeys.
Copyright © 2025 Nader Maher Sobhy et al. Veterinary Medicine International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2025-01-03 PubMed ID: 39803352PubMed Central: PMC11724032DOI: 10.1155/vmi/9773642Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article discusses a study conducted on horses and donkeys in Egypt to identify the type of papillomavirus causing equine sarcoids, a common skin condition among these animals. The researchers discovered that the Bovine papillomavirus type 1 (BPV1) was prevalent and the primary cause of these sarcoids, despite minor variations in the genetic sequence of the virus across different animal species.

Research Background and Purpose

  • The subject of this research concerns equine sarcoids (ESs), a type of skin disease usually caused by Bovine papillomaviruses (BPVs) and found in equines, such as horses and donkeys, globally.
  • ESs can significantly limit the productivity of working animals and affect their appearance, impacting their uses in racing or dancing.
  • The study was carried out in Zagazig, Egypt, with the primary objective being to identify and categorize the specific type of BPV causing ESs among the equine population in the area.

Research Methodology

  • The researchers examined 25 animals (9 horses and 16 donkeys) that had presented with sarcoids at the Zagazig University Veterinary Clinic.
  • Upon testing, they found that 14 animals (8 horses and 6 donkeys) were infected with BPV.
  • The viruses found were sequenced, and their gene sequence was compared against reference strains.
  • Further molecular characterization was done using Illumina sequencing technology.

Findings and Conclusions

  • All sequenced viruses were identified as BPV1.
  • There were no significant genetic differences among the BPVs found in donkeys, horses, and cattle.
  • Comparison of the L1 gene sequence revealed five mutations, of which three were conservative and two were nonconservative.
  • Upon comparison with a reference strain, it was identified the BPVs found in the donkeys and horses were identical to each other and had a 98.5% identity match with the reference strain of BPV1.
  • There was a high level of similarity across most genes, with slight differences noticed in the E5 and L2.
  • The researchers concluded that in Egypt, ESs are primarily caused by BPV1, with no significant variations in the virus across equine species and cattle.

Cite This Article

APA
Sobhy NM, Refaai W, Kumar R, Bottros Youssef CR, Goyal SM. (2025). Molecular Characterization of Bovine Deltapapillomavirus in Equine Sarcoids in Egypt. Vet Med Int, 2025, 9773642. https://doi.org/10.1155/vmi/9773642

Publication

Veterinary medicine international
ISSN: 2090-8113
NlmUniqueID: 101524203
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 2025
Pages: 9773642
PII: 9773642

Researcher Affiliations

Sobhy, Nader Maher
  • Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia 44511, Egypt.
  • Veterinary Population Medicine Department and Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA.
Refaai, Walid
  • Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia 44511, Egypt.
Kumar, Rahul
  • Tennessee Department of Agriculture, C. E. Kord Animal Health Diagnostic Laboratory, Nashville, Tennessee 37220, USA.
Bottros Youssef, Christiana Rezk
  • Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia 44519, Egypt.
Goyal, Sagar Mal
  • Veterinary Population Medicine Department and Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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