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Home / Equine Research Bank / Chromosoma / Molecular cytogenetics of the Equidae. I. Purification and c...
Chromosoma1979; 72(2); 115-129; doi: 10.1007/BF00293229

Molecular cytogenetics of the Equidae. I. Purification and cytological localization of a (G + C)-rich satellite DNA from Equus przewalskii.

Abstract: A (G + C)-rich density satellite DNA (rho = 1.713 gm/cc) has been purified from splenic DNA of Przewalski's horse, Equus przewalskii, by successive equilibrium density gradient centrifugations. The purified satellite, which may comprise as much as 29% of the total DNA, renatures rapidly; however, analyses of native, single-stranded, and reassociated molecules by analytical ultracentrifugation and melting properties suggest that some sequence heterogeniety exists in the 1.713 gm/cc satellite. Complementary RNA (cRNA) transcribed from satellite DNA has been utilized for in situ hybridization studies with E. przewalskii metaphase chromosomes previously identified by quinacrine-banding. These studies establish that sequences complementary to the 1.713 g/cc satellite are greatly enriched in the centromeres of some, but not all, chromosomes. The differential distribution of satellite DNA sequences over heterochromatic regions allows discrimination of three classes of heterochromatin and serves to define three types of pericentromeric regions in the karyotype of this endangered equine species. Additionally, apparent polymorphism in concentrations of satellite DNA sequences between homologs in the same karyotype is noted.
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Publication Date: 1979-04-30 PubMed ID: 456203DOI: 10.1007/BF00293229Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
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  • U.S. Gov't
  • P.H.S.

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research explores the purification and cytological location of a specific DNA from Przewalskii’s horse. The findings show that the DNA sequence is found in abundance in the centromeres of certain chromosomes, with the ability to distinguish three types of heterochromatin and pericentromeric regions.

Methodology

  • The researchers obtained a (G + C)-rich density satellite DNA (rho = 1.713 gm/cc) from the splenic DNA of Przewalskii’s horse, Equus przewalskii, using multiple rounds of equilibrium density gradient centrifugations, a method that separates substances based on their density.
  • They discovered that this particular type of DNA can make up to 29% of the total DNA and tends to renature, or return to its natural state, quickly.
  • Through the analysis of native, single-stranded, and reassociated versions of this DNA via analytical ultracentrifugation and study of melting properties, they found that there is some sequence heterogeneity in the 1.713 gm/cc satellite. This means that there is some variation among the sequences of this type of DNA.

Findings

  • Using complementary RNA (cRNA) transcribed from satellite DNA, the researchers were able to perform in situ hybridization studies with E. przewalskii metaphase chromosomes, which had been previously identified by quinacrine-banding.
  • They learned that DNA sequences that are complementary to the 1.713 g/cc satellite are highly concentrated in the centromeres of some chromosomes, but not all.
  • They were also able to distinguish three kinds of heterochromatin (a tightly packed form of DNA) thanks to the different distribution of satellite DNA sequences over heterochromatic areas. Similarly, three types of pericentromeric regions (regions near the centromere) in the karyotype (the number and appearance of chromosomes in a cell nucleus) of this endangered horse species were identified.
  • They also noted a visible variation, or polymorphism, in the concentration of satellite DNA sequences between similar chromosomes in the same karyotype.

Significance

  • The research provides valuable insights into the genetic makeup of Equus przewalskii, an endangered horse species. Understanding the genetic variations can help in conservation efforts.
  • The study also contributes to the broader understanding of molecular cytogenetics by detailing the purification process and cytological location of a specific DNA.

Cite This Article

APA
Ryder OA, Hansen SK. (1979). Molecular cytogenetics of the Equidae. I. Purification and cytological localization of a (G + C)-rich satellite DNA from Equus przewalskii. Chromosoma, 72(2), 115-129. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00293229

Publication

Chromosoma
ISSN: 0009-5915
NlmUniqueID: 2985138R
Country: Austria
Language: English
Volume: 72
Issue: 2
Pages: 115-129

Researcher Affiliations

Ryder, O A
    Hansen, S K

      MeSH Terms

      • Animals
      • Base Sequence
      • Chromosomes / ultrastructure
      • DNA / analysis
      • DNA, Satellite / analysis
      • DNA, Satellite / genetics
      • Horses / genetics
      • Karyotyping
      • Nucleic Acid Hybridization
      • Nucleic Acid Renaturation
      • RNA / genetics
      • Spleen / analysis

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      Citations

      This article has been cited 3 times.
      1. Piras FM, Cappelletti E, Abdelgadir WA, Salamon G, Vignati S, Santagostino M, Sola L, Nergadze SG, Giulotto E. A Satellite-Free Centromere in Equus przewalskii Chromosome 10. Int J Mol Sci 2023 Feb 18;24(4).
        doi: 10.3390/ijms24044134pubmed: 36835543google scholar: lookup
      2. Hepperger C, Mayer A, Merz J, Vanderwall DK, Dietzel S. Parental genomes mix in mule and human cell nuclei. Chromosoma 2009 Jun;118(3):335-47.
        doi: 10.1007/s00412-008-0200-6pubmed: 19198867google scholar: lookup
      3. Yang TP, Hansen SK, Oishi KK, Ryder OA, Hamkalo BA. Characterization of a cloned repetitive DNA sequence concentrated on the human X chromosome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1982 Nov;79(21):6593-7.
        doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.21.6593pubmed: 6959140google scholar: lookup
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