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Home / Equine Research Bank / Biology (Basel) / Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Biaxial Regulatory Mechanisms o...
Biology2025; 14(11); 1609; doi: 10.3390/biology14111609

Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Biaxial Regulatory Mechanisms of Cardiac Adaptation by Specialized Racing Training in Yili Horses.

Abstract: Yili horses undergo coordinated physiological adaptations across systems in response to customized training. This study aimed to clarify the molecular mechanisms of these adaptations by integrating analyses of cardiac function and multi-omics (lipidomics, transcriptomics, miRNomics). We collected whole blood samples from ten Yili horses before and after 12 weeks of specialized racing training to perform these analyses. Results showed training induced adaptive cardiac remodeling, with substantial increases in LVIDd and LVIDs. At the molecular level, this was accompanied by extensive blood lipid reprogramming (383 differential lipids), enriched in energy pathways like fatty acid metabolism. Transcriptomic analysis identified 851 differential genes, also enriched in energy-related pathways (e.g., oxidative phosphorylation). We constructed a miRNA-mRNA network (189 pairs), finding miRNAs such as miR-150 and miR-199b regulate key energy-supply mRNAs. Integrated analyses revealed precise modulation of pathways: (1) eca-miR-150 is associated with and creatine, with potential links to arginine/proline metabolism; (2) miR-8903 is associated with and nicotinamide, with potential associations with vitamin absorption. These pathways are critical for energy metabolism, redox balance, and signal transduction. Overall, this study reveals how training optimizes energy supply and metabolic homeostasis in Yili horses, offering new insights into training adaptation physiology.
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Publication Date: 2025-11-17 PubMed ID: 41300398PubMed Central: PMC12649962DOI: 10.3390/biology14111609Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

Overview

  • This research investigates how specialized racing training induces physiological and molecular changes in the hearts of Yili horses.
  • The study used multi-omics technologies—lipidomics, transcriptomics, and miRNomics—combined with cardiac function analysis to uncover molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac adaptation.

Background and Objective

  • Yili horses, a breed known for racing, experience coordinated changes in different biological systems when undergoing training.
  • The objective was to elucidate the molecular regulatory mechanisms driving these cardiac adaptations by integrating physiological data with multi-omics profiling.

Methodology

  • Subjects: Ten Yili horses were studied before and after a 12-week specialized racing training program.
  • Sample Collection: Whole blood samples were collected at both time points for molecular analyses.
  • Cardiac Function Analysis: Measurements of left ventricular internal diameter during diastole and systole (LVIDd and LVIDs) were taken to assess cardiac remodeling.
  • Multi-Omics Approaches:
    • Lipidomics: Identification and quantification of lipid molecules in blood.
    • Transcriptomics: Profiling gene expression changes in response to training.
    • miRNomics: Analysis of microRNA (miRNA) expression and their regulatory roles.

Findings – Cardiac Structural Adaptations

  • Training led to significant increases in LVIDd (left ventricular internal diameter at diastole) and LVIDs (during systole), indicative of cardiac remodeling and improved cardiac function.

Findings – Molecular Adaptations

  • Lipidomic Changes:
    • 383 lipids changed significantly post-training, reflecting broad blood lipid reprogramming.
    • These lipids were enriched in energy-related metabolic pathways, particularly fatty acid metabolism, highlighting shifts in energy substrate utilization.
  • Transcriptomic Changes:
    • 851 genes showed differential expression after training.
    • Gene changes were enriched in pathways important for energy production, such as oxidative phosphorylation.
  • miRNomics and Regulatory Networks:
    • Constructed a miRNA-mRNA interaction network comprising 189 miRNA-mRNA pairs.
    • Important miRNAs like miR-150 and miR-199b were found to regulate mRNAs tied to energy supply.

Integrated Network and Pathway Insights

  • Integration of lipid, gene, and miRNA data identified finely-tuned pathways modulating cardiac energy metabolism and signaling.
  • Specific findings included:
    • eca-miR-150: Linked with metabolites such as creatine, implicating arginine and proline metabolism. These pathways support energy buffering and redox balance in cardiac cells.
    • miR-8903: Associated with metabolites like nicotinamide, suggesting involvement in vitamin absorption and maintaining metabolic homeostasis.
  • These molecular mechanisms allow the heart to optimize energy supply, balance oxidative stress, and adjust intracellular signaling in response to training demands.

Significance and Implications

  • This study provides a comprehensive view of how specialized racing training induces multi-systemic and molecular adaptations in Yili horses, particularly in cardiac metabolism and structure.
  • The integration of multi-omics data provides novel insights into the regulatory networks optimizing cardiac function for athletic performance.
  • Understanding these mechanisms could inform training strategies and enhance performance or health management in horses and potentially other athletic species.

Cite This Article

APA
Wang T, Li M, Ren W, Meng J, Yao X, Chu H, Yao R, Zhai M, Zeng Y. (2025). Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Biaxial Regulatory Mechanisms of Cardiac Adaptation by Specialized Racing Training in Yili Horses. Biology (Basel), 14(11), 1609. https://doi.org/10.3390/biology14111609

Publication

Biology
ISSN: 2079-7737
NlmUniqueID: 101587988
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 14
Issue: 11
PII: 1609

Researcher Affiliations

Wang, Tongliang
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Horse Industry Research Institute, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Li, Mengying
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Ren, Wanlu
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Horse Industry Research Institute, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Meng, Jun
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Horse Industry Research Institute, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Yao, Xinkui
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Horse Industry Research Institute, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
Chu, Hongzhong
  • Xinjiang Yili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture Animal Husbandry Station, Urumqi 835000, China.
Yao, Runchen
  • Xinjiang Yili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture Animal Husbandry Station, Urumqi 835000, China.
Zhai, Manjun
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China.
Zeng, Yaqi
  • College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Exercise Physiology, Urumqi 830052, China.
  • Horse Industry Research Institute, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China.

Grant Funding

  • 32202667 / National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Program
  • 2022A02013-1 / Major Science and Technology Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
  • ZYYD2025JD02 / Central Guidance Project for Local Science and Technology Development
  • 2024D01B40 / The Youth Science Fund of the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
  • XJMFY202401 / Key Laboratory of Horse Breeding and Exercise Physiology of Xinjiang Project

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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Citations

This article has been cited 2 times.
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