A genome-wide landscape of mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs of skeletal muscles during dietary restriction in Mongolian horses.

Bou, T
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Ding, W
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Liu, H
·
Gong, W
·
Jia, Z
·
Dugarjaviin, M
·
Bai, D

Abstract: The proportion of different muscle fibers is essential for the horse breed's aptitude for athletic activities. Adaptation of locomotor muscle is correlated with altered physiologic conditions. To investigate the adaptive changes of muscle fiber phenotype and transcriptome in horse skeletal muscle during dietary restriction (DR). The muscle fiber type distribution and deep RNA-seq analysis of detecting differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs), miRNA (DEMIRs), lncRNAs (DELs), circRNAs (DECs), and their function analysis were investigated in gluteus medius muscle of Mongolian horses during DR. A total of 1433 DEGs, 5 DEMIRs, 329 DELs, and 53 DECs were identified. Differing from non-uniform muscle fiber type changing, functional enrichment analysis showed that most downregulated DEGs were associated in muscle contraction, fuel energy metabolism, and protein balance. Linkages between non-coding RNA and mRNA landscape were detected from their functional changes. Our study provides new insights into the expressional changes of mRNA and non-coding RNA in horse skeletal muscles during DR, which might improve our understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating muscle adaption during DR for racing horses.

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Publication Date: 2023-05-02 PubMed ID: 37150091DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101084Google Scholar: Lookup

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Summary

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The research examined how changes in diet affect the genetic expression in the skeletal muscles of Mongolian horses. Scientists studied different types of RNA in muscle fibres to understand how muscle function adapts during dietary restriction.

Overview of Research Conducted

The researchers focused on the Mongolian horse skeletal muscles’ genetic landscape under dietary restriction. They used RNA-sequence analysis to examine the changes in different RNA types including:

mRNAs or messenger RNAs which carry genetic information from the DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis,
miRNAs or microRNAs, small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression,
lncRNAs or long non-coding RNAs, which also regulate gene function and expression, and
circRNAs or circular RNAs, another type of non-coding RNA, thought to be involved in gene regulation.

Findings

A total of 1,433 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 5 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMIRs), 329 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DELs), and 53 differentially expressed circRNAs (DECs) were identified. These findings suggest significant genomic changes occur in the skeletal muscle of horses under dietary restriction.

The researchers also observed that the changes in muscle fiber type were not uniform. Analysis of the DEGs showed that most downregulated or less active genes were associated with muscle contraction, fuel energy metabolism, and protein balance, implying dietary restriction has significant functional implications for muscle operation.

The Importance of Non-Coding RNA in Muscle Adaptation

The study highlighted the role of non-coding RNAs in the regulation of gene function during dietary restriction. It linked the function changes seen in non-coding RNA and mRNA, pointing to a deeper understanding of how RNA mechanisms regulate muscle adaptation under restricted dietary conditions.

Implications and Conclusions

This detailed exploration of the role and changes in different types of RNA during dietary restriction offers new perspectives on how horse skeletal muscles adjust at the molecular level. The insights generated could potentially help improve the understanding of the mechanisms governing muscle adaptation during dietary restriction in racehorses. This understanding could lead to better diet and training regimens for horses to maximize their athletic abilities.

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APA

Bou T, Ding W, Liu H, Gong W, Jia Z, Dugarjaviin M, Bai D. (2023). A genome-wide landscape of mRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs of skeletal muscles during dietary restriction in Mongolian horses. Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics, 46, 101084. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101084

Publication

Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Part D, Genomics & proteomics

ISSN: 1878-0407

NlmUniqueID: 101270611

Country: Netherlands

Language: English

Volume: 46

Pages: 101084

PII: S1744-117X(23)00029-1

Researcher Affiliations

Bou, Tugeqin

Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction; Equus Research Center, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China. Electronic address: https://twitter.com/@BTvgqin.

Ding, Wenqi

Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction; Equus Research Center, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.

Liu, Huiying

Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction; Equus Research Center, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.

Gong, Wendian

Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction; Equus Research Center, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.

Jia, Zijie

Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction; Equus Research Center, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.

Dugarjaviin, Manglai

Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction; Equus Research Center, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.

Bai, Dongyi

Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equine Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction; Equus Research Center, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China. Electronic address: baidongyi1983@163.com.

MeSH Terms

Horses / genetics
Animals
RNA, Long Noncoding / genetics
MicroRNAs / genetics
RNA, Circular / genetics
RNA, Messenger / genetics
Gene Expression Profiling
Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism

Conflict of Interest Statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declared that they have no conflicts of interest to this work. We declare that we do not have any commercial or associative interest that represents a conflict of interest in connection with the work submitted.