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Mediators of inflammation2014; 2014; 682193; doi: 10.1155/2014/682193

Opposing roles of leptin and ghrelin in the equine corpus luteum regulation: an in vitro study.

Abstract: Metabolic hormones have been associated with reproductive function modulation. Thus, the aim of this study was: (i) to characterize the immunolocalization, mRNA and protein levels of leptin (LEP), Ghrelin (GHR) and respective receptors LEPR and Ghr-R1A, throughout luteal phase; and (ii) to evaluate the role of LEP and GHR on progesterone (P4), prostaglandin (PG) E2 and PGF2α , nitric oxide (nitrite), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF); macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) secretion, and on angiogenic activity (BAEC proliferation), in equine corpus luteum (CL) from early and mid-luteal stages. LEPR expression was decreased in late CL, while GHR/Ghr-R1A system was increased in the same stage. Regarding secretory activity, GHR decreased P4 in early CL, but increased PGF2α , nitrite and TNF in mid CL. Conversely, LEP increased P4, PGE2, angiogenic activity, MIF, TNF and nitrite during early CL, in a dose-dependent manner. The in vitro effect of LEP on secretory activity was reverted by GHR, when both factors acted together. The present results evidence the presence of LEP and GHR systems in the equine CL. Moreover, we suggest that LEP and GHR play opposing roles in equine CL regulation, with LEP supporting luteal establishment and GHR promoting luteal regression. Finally, a dose-dependent luteotrophic effect of LEP was demonstrated.
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Publication Date: 2014-07-14 PubMed ID: 25125800PubMed Central: PMC4122068DOI: 10.1155/2014/682193Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The study is about understanding the roles of two hormones, leptin and ghrelin, in the functioning of the corpus luteum, a structure involved in female reproduction, in horses. The researchers found that leptin and ghrelin affect the reproductive cycle in opposing ways, with leptin promoting healthy reproductive function and ghrelin leading to its regression.

Objective and Methodology

  • This research was conducted to understand the roles of leptin and ghrelin hormones in the regulation of the equine corpus luteum, a temporary endocrine structure in female mammals involved in the reproductive cycle.
  • The study aims were two-fold: to characterize the presence and levels of leptin, ghrelin and their respective receptors throughout the luteal phase; and to determine the impact of these hormones on several factors related to the activity of the corpus luteum.
  • The researchers performed in vitro experiments on corpus luteum tissue taken from horses during different stages of the luteal phase.

Findings

  • Leptin receptor expression decreases in the corpus luteum towards the late luteal phase. In contrast, both ghrelin and its receptor system are found to increase at the same stage.
  • With regard to secretory activity, ghrelin treatment was found to decrease progesterone levels in early-stage corpus luteum. However, it was found to increase levels of certain other factors (PGF2α, nitrite and TNF) during the middle luteal phase.
  • In contrast, leptin treatment led to an increase in several factors including progesterone, PGE2 a type of prostaglandin, angiogenic activity, MIF, TNF and nitrite during the early stages of the corpus luteum, and this was observed to happen in a dose-dependent manner.
  • Furthermore, the study found that the effect of leptin on secretory activity was reversed by ghrelin when both were present simultaneously, suggesting that they play opposing roles.

Conclusions

  • The research provides evidence of the presence and function of both leptin and ghrelin systems within the equine corpus luteum.
  • The opposing roles of leptin and ghrelin in the functioning of the corpus luteum are suggested, with leptin supporting the establishment of the corpus luteum and ghrelin promoting its regression.
  • The study also demonstrated a dose-dependent luteotrophic (supporting the function of the corpus luteum) effect of leptin.

Cite This Article

APA
Galvão A, Tramontano A, Rebordão MR, Amaral A, Bravo PP, Szóstek A, Skarzynski D, Mollo A, Ferreira-Dias G. (2014). Opposing roles of leptin and ghrelin in the equine corpus luteum regulation: an in vitro study. Mediators Inflamm, 2014, 682193. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/682193

Publication

Mediators of inflammation
ISSN: 1466-1861
NlmUniqueID: 9209001
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 2014
Pages: 682193
PII: 682193

Researcher Affiliations

Galvão, António
  • C.I.I.S.A., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal ; Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of PAS, Olsztyn, Poland.
Tramontano, Angela
  • Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health (MAPS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
Rebordão, Maria Rosa
  • C.I.I.S.A., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal.
Amaral, Ana
  • C.I.I.S.A., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal.
Bravo, Pedro Pinto
  • C.I.I.S.A., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal.
Szóstek, Anna
  • Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of PAS, Olsztyn, Poland.
Skarzynski, Dariusz
  • Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of PAS, Olsztyn, Poland.
Mollo, Antonio
  • Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health (MAPS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padua, Italy.
Ferreira-Dias, Graça
  • C.I.I.S.A., Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Portugal.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Corpus Luteum / metabolism
  • Female
  • Ghrelin / metabolism
  • Horses
  • Leptin / metabolism
  • Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / metabolism
  • Receptors, Leptin / metabolism
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism

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Citations

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