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Home / Equine Research Bank / Am J Pathol / Pancreatic involvement by Venezuelan equine encephalomyeliti...
The American journal of pathology1974; 75(2); 349-362;

Pancreatic involvement by Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus in the hamster.

Abstract: Pancreatic tissue from hamsters inoculated with a virulent strain of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus (VEE) was studied sequentially with fluorescent antibody, light and electron microscopic technics. Progressive viral growth and cellular necrosis in the pancreas were demonstrated. Pancreatic infection resulted from both viremia and direct extension from the spleen across contaminated serosal planes. Mature viruses traversed the endothelium within endothelial vesicles and were associated with acinar as well as islet cells.
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Publication Date: 1974-05-01 PubMed ID: 4595940PubMed Central: PMC1910833
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research article studies how a potent form of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus (VEE) impacts the pancreas in hamsters, detailing the progression of viral growth and cell death in the organ, and the ways in which it spreads.

Objective of the Research

  • The main goal of the study was to investigate the impact of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus (VEE) on pancreatic tissues in hamsters. The researchers used a virulent strain of VEE and then examined the varied changes in the pancreas using fluorescent antibody, light, and electron microscopic techniques.

Methods and Findings

  • The researchers observed progressive viral growth and cellular necrosis (cell death) in the pancreatic tissues. The virus prompted extensive damage, leading to the deterioration and eventual death of cells in the pancreas.
  • The study revealed that the infection of the pancreas happened through viremia (presence of viruses in the blood) and direct extension from the spleen through contaminated serosal planes, which are thin layers of tissue that line the stomach, intestines, and other organs. This means the virus did not only infect the organ by circulating in the blood, but it also moved directly from the spleen to invade the pancreas.
  • Mature VEE viruses were found travelling within endothelial vesicles, which are minute membrane-bound vessels usually involved in transporting proteins and fats. Upon their journey, the viruses were seen in association with both acinar and islet cells of the pancreas. Acinar cells are those that secrete digestive enzymes while islet cells are associated with hormone production. Hence, not only did VEE infect the pancreas, but its negative impact also potentially spread to other organs and systems through the disturbance of essential functions carried out by these cells.

Implications and Conclusions

  • This research provides a detailed exposition on how VEE affects the pancreas of hamsters. It demonstrates the virus’s destructive pathway and how it utilizes multiple infection routes, providing crucial insights for understanding its pathology.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is vital for future research aimed at developing preventive measures or treatments for infections caused by VEE, which could potentially be extrapolated to other similar viral infections impacting the pancreas.

Cite This Article

APA
Gorelkin L, Jahrling PB. (1974). Pancreatic involvement by Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus in the hamster. Am J Pathol, 75(2), 349-362.

Publication

The American journal of pathology
ISSN: 0002-9440
NlmUniqueID: 0370502
Country: United States
Language: English
Volume: 75
Issue: 2
Pages: 349-362

Researcher Affiliations

Gorelkin, L
    Jahrling, P B

      MeSH Terms

      • Animals
      • Arbovirus Infections / pathology
      • Cricetinae
      • Diabetes Mellitus / etiology
      • Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine / isolation & purification
      • Endothelium / microbiology
      • Fluorescent Antibody Technique
      • Islets of Langerhans / microbiology
      • Islets of Langerhans / pathology
      • Male
      • Microscopy, Electron
      • Pancreas / microbiology
      • Pancreas / pathology
      • Pancreatitis / etiology
      • Spleen / microbiology

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      Citations

      This article has been cited 3 times.
      1. Carrara AS, Gonzales G, Ferro C, Tamayo M, Aronson J, Paessler S, Anishchenko M, Boshell J, Weaver SC. Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection of spiny rats. Emerg Infect Dis 2005 May;11(5):663-9.
        doi: 10.3201/eid1105.041251pubmed: 15890116google scholar: lookup
      2. Walker DH, Harrison A, Murphy K, Flemister M, Murphy FA. Lymphoreticular and myeloid pathogenesis of Venezuelan equine encephalitis in hamsters. Am J Pathol 1976 Aug;84(2):351-70.
        pubmed: 941983
      3. Gardner CL, Erwin-Cohen RA, Lewis BS, Bakken RR, Honnold SP, Glass PJ, Burke CW. Syrian Hamsters Model Does Not Reflect Human-like Disease after Aerosol Exposure to Encephalitic Alphaviruses. Methods Protoc 2024 May 15;7(3).
        doi: 10.3390/mps7030042pubmed: 38804336google scholar: lookup
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