Pathology of female mice experimentally infected with an in vitro cultured strain of Trypanosoma equiperdum.
Abstract: Dourine, caused by infection with Trypanosoma equiperdum, is one of the trypanosomiasis in equids. The clinical course of dourine is long-term, ranging from 1-2 months to several years. Since the pathogenesis of dourine has not yet been elucidated, experimental studies using mouse infection models are needed. Although mice are not susceptible to most T. equiperdum strains, some strains can infect mice. Even in such strains, infected mice develop rapidly transient parasitemia and die within 2-8 days. Therefore, mice experimentally infected with these T. equiperdum strains are not suitable for mouse infection models to analysis the pathogenesis of dourine. A sequential method of isolating parasites from dourine-affected horses and adapting them to in vitro cultures using soft agarose media was recently developed. Various T. equiperdum strains adapted to in vitro conditions have been established using this technique. We used one of these strains, the T. equiperdum IVM-t2 strain. In the present study, T. equiperdum IVM-t2 strain inoculated mice developed periodic parasitemia during the experimental period of 60 days. Histopathologically, vaginitis and dermatitis were observed. These findings were comparable to those of dourine-affected horses. Therefore, mice infected with T. equiperdum IVM-t2 strain may be a valuable tool for pathological, immunological, and parasitological in vivo research, and will contribute to investigations on the mechanisms underlying the disease process and the host-parasite relationship.
Publication Date: 2021-06-16 PubMed ID: 34135196PubMed Central: PMC8437734DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0056Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This study examines the pathology of female mice infected with a strain of Trypanosoma equiperdum, a parasite responsible for the disease dourine in equines. The researchers aim to create an effective mouse model for examining the disease’s pathogenesis and observing the host-parasite interaction.
Introduction and Background
- The research focuses on dourine, a disease caused by Trypanosoma equiperdum that affects equids. This disease is prolonged, manifesting symptoms from one to two months and lasting for several years in some cases.
- Researchers are yet to fully understand dourine’s pathogenesis, prompting the need for experimental studies. A proper infection model in mice is crucial for these investigations.
- However, typical T. equiperdum strains have proven to either not infect mice or to cause rapid death, thereby limiting their utility for experimental purposes.
Research Methodology and Findings
- A new approach to developing adaptable T. equiperdum strains for experimental infection models in mice was used. The parasites were isolated from dourine-affected horses, then adapted to in vitro cultures employing soft agarose media.
- The T. equiperdum IVM-t2 strain grown in vitro was used in this study. Mice injected with this strain developed periodic parasitemia over a period of 60 days, increasing its use for long-term studies.
- Histopathological studies showed the appearance of vaginitis and dermatitis in the mice, which are comparable to symptoms seen in infected horses. Thus, confirming the utility of this specific strain for replicating the disease in a mouse model.
Conclusion and Implications
- The research concluded that mice infected with T. equiperdum IVM-t2 strain could serve as a significant asset for pathological, immunological, and parasitological studies.
- Such a model aids in dissecting the disease process mechanisms and understanding the host-parasite relationship, aiding the development of future therapeutics.
Cite This Article
APA
Tanaka Y, Suganuma K, Watanabe K, Kobayashi Y.
(2021).
Pathology of female mice experimentally infected with an in vitro cultured strain of Trypanosoma equiperdum.
J Vet Med Sci, 83(8), 1212-1218.
https://doi.org/10.1292/jvms.21-0056 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-13, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
- Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
- Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
- Research Center for Global Agromedicine, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dourine
- Female
- Horse Diseases
- Horses
- Mice
- Rodent Diseases
- Trypanosoma
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