Preliminary analyses of the frozen mummies of mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius), bison (Bison priscus) and horse (Equus sp.) from the Yana-Indigirka Lowland, Yakutia, Russia.

The research involves preliminary analyses of the frozen bodies of a young woolly mammoth, a wild horse, and a steppe bison that were found in northern Yakutia, Russia. These specimens, all preserved in a frozen state, provide valuable insights into the past.

Introduction

In the Yana-Indigirka Lowland of Yakutia, Russia, researchers discovered the frozen bodies of a woolly mammoth, a wild horse, and a steppe bison. Precisely preserved due to the permafrost, they maintain intact bones, skin, and other soft tissue which allow for detailed study. The unique state of these specimens, particularly the steppe bison which was found in a fully preserved state, offers a rare opportunity for understanding the ecology and life conditions of these extinct creatures in their habitual environment.

Findings

• The specimens found include a young woolly mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius), a wild horse (Equus sp.), and a steppe bison (Bison priscus). Each specimen was found in varying degrees of preservation.
• The woolly mammoth and the Pleistocene horse were only partially frozen, but the steppe bison was found completely intact, providing a more comprehensive view into the species than previously possible.

Age of the Specimens

• The horse and bison specimens date back to the Holocene epoch, which began 11,700 years ago and continues to the present day. The Holocene follows the last major ice age.
• The mammoth specimen is older, dating back to the Late Pleistocene epoch. The Pleistocene epoch, often referred to as the Ice Age, spans from 2.6 million to 11,700 years ago.

Importance of the Study

This study is important due to the exceptional preservation of the specimens, particularly the steppe bison. The bison’s complete preservation will enable researchers to study its morphology, anatomy, diet, health, and other biological factors with a depth and precision not typically possible with archaeological and palaeontological specimens. This research provides a unique window into the past, bringing closer understanding of these species’ lives in their natural habitats, their ecological roles and interactions with the environment. The findings from this study also expand the knowledge of prehistoric fauna and paleoecology.