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Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2023; 13(18); 2889; doi: 10.3390/ani13182889

Prevalence and Factors Related to Leishmania infantum Infection in Healthy Horses (Equus caballus) from Eastern Spain.

Abstract: Leishmaniosis is a zoonosis caused by spp., an intracellular protozoan parasite. This parasite is transmitted by sandflies, and the disease is endemic in the Mediterranean basin. In recent years, the number of species which could be a reservoir of the parasite is increased. One of the most relevant species is the horse, due to their contact with humans and ability to control the disease, thus being a possible silent reservoir. In this study, we have analyzed the prevalence and factors related to infection in healthy horses in the Mediterranean region. Epidemiological data and serum samples were obtained from 167 apparently healthy horses, and the presence of was evaluated via the ELISA method and real-time PCR. The results show 27.5% of prevalence and that the main factors related to infection are equine breed, morphotype, outdoor living, use, and season. In conclusion, the prevalence of infection in apparently healthy horses from eastern Spain (Mediterranean basin) is elevated. To control this zoonosis, it would be advisable to carry out more studies on this and other species that could be silent reservoirs of the parasite, as well as carry out measures such as the use of repellents on a regular basis.
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Publication Date: 2023-09-11 PubMed ID: 37760289PubMed Central: PMC10525090DOI: 10.3390/ani13182889Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research examines the occurrence and influencing factors of Leishmania infantum infection in healthy horses from Eastern Spain. The study concludes that horses might be a potential reservoir for these parasites, due to their high prevalence rate and interaction with humans.

Study Objective and Methodology

  • This research aimed at studying the prevalence and factors relating to Leishmania infantum infection in horses in the Mediterranean region, specifically Eastern Spain. The study focused on identifying whether horses could act as a potential ‘silent reservoir’ for the parasites.
  • Leishmaniosis is a zoonosis caused by the Leishmania spp., a type of intracellular protozoan parasite, which is transmitted by sandflies. It’s a significant disease prevalent in the Mediterranean basin.
  • The study used samples and data from 167 seemingly healthy horses. The presence of the Leishmania infantum was evaluated using the ELISA method and real-time PCR analysis.

Findings and Conclusions

  • The research findings showed a 27.5% prevalence of Leishmania infantum infection among the analyzed healthy horses. Therefore, the research proposes a high degree of prevalence of this infection among horses in the Mediterranean region.
  • The main factors relating to the infection were determined to be the equine breed, morphotype, outdoor living, use, and season.
  • The conclusion of the study suggests that the horses could act as a silent reservoir for these parasites due to their high infection rate and their interaction with humans, thereby possibly aiding the spread of the zoonosis.
  • To control the spread of this zoonosis, the researchers recommend further studies on the same and other species that could also be potential silent reservoirs of the parasite. They also suggest measures to prevent the infection, such as the use of repellents on a regular basis.

Cite This Article

APA
Martínez-Sáez L, Dulac Q, Montaner-Angoiti E, Marín-García PJ, Llobat L. (2023). Prevalence and Factors Related to Leishmania infantum Infection in Healthy Horses (Equus caballus) from Eastern Spain. Animals (Basel), 13(18), 2889. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13182889

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 13
Issue: 18
PII: 2889

Researcher Affiliations

Martínez-Sáez, Lola
  • Molecular Mechanisms of Zoonotic Diseases (MMOPS) Research Group, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
Dulac, Quentin
  • Molecular Mechanisms of Zoonotic Diseases (MMOPS) Research Group, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
Montaner-Angoiti, Esperanza
  • Molecular Mechanisms of Zoonotic Diseases (MMOPS) Research Group, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
Marín-García, Pablo Jesús
  • Department of Animal Production and Health, Veterinary Public Health and Food Science and Technology (PASASPTA), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
Llobat, Lola
  • Molecular Mechanisms of Zoonotic Diseases (MMOPS) Research Group, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain.

Grant Funding

  • IDOC22-05 / Universidad Cardenal Herrera CEU
  • PUENTE22-01 / Universidad Cardenal Herrera CEU

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

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