Programmed-cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in equine sarcoids and squamous cell carcinoma.
Abstract: Sarcoids and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) are the most concerning equine oncological diseases. Both tumors are challenging to manage due to their invasive behavior and high prevalence of recurrences. Furthermore, SCCs have a propensity to metastasize. Programed cell-death ligand 1 (PD-L1) has been one of the main therapeutic targets for immunotherapy in various human tumors. PD-L1 research in equine tumors is scarce and more efforts are necessary to understand the potential of this biomarker as a therapeutical target. Unassigned: Evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of PD-L1 in equine sarcoids and SCC. Unassigned: Thirteen equine tumors (seven sarcoids and 6 SCCs) were tested by immunohistochemistry and evaluated semi quantitatively to assess the percentage of positive cells. Unassigned: None of the sarcoids presented PD-L1 expression. Regarding SCC, 2 tumors presented <10% of labeled cells; 2 tumors presented 10%-25% of labeled cells and 2 tumors presented 25%-50% of labeled cells. There were statistically significant differences between sarcoids and SCC regarding the expression of PD-L1. Unassigned: Our results point to the fact that PD-L1 could be a potential therapeutic target against SCC, and also encourage in-depth studies in this area, with larger sample sizes.
Publication Date: 2024-06-30 PubMed ID: 39055760PubMed Central: PMC11268900DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i6.16Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research article investigates the presence of Programmed-cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), a potential cancer treatment target, in two common types of horse tumours: sarcoids and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs).
Background
- The study focuses on sarcoids and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs), which are prevalent and problematic horse cancers. These types of cancers are known for their invasive behavior and recurrence rate, and SCCs often metastasize, or spread to other parts of the body.
- Programmed-cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a protein that has been identified as a key target for immunotherapy treatments in various human cancers. The availability of PD-L1 studies in equine (or horse) cancers is limited, and the potential of this biomarker as a treatment target for these cancers is unclear. This study aims to address this gap in the research by examining PD-L1 in horse tumours.
Methodology
- A sample of thirteen horse tumors, comprising seven sarcoids and six SCCs, were tested using immunohistochemistry. This technique uses antibodies to detect the presence of specific proteins (in this case PD-L1) in a tissue sample.
- This method enabled the team to estimate the percentage of cells demonstrating PD-L1 presence in each tumor, giving a semi-quantitative measure of PD-L1 expression in the different cancer types.
Findings
- The research found that none of the sarcoid tumors expressed PD-L1.
- In contrast, varying levels of PD-L1 expression were found in the SCCs, with two tumors showing less than 10% of cells with PD-L1, two tumors showing between 10% and 25%, and two tumors showing between 25% and 50%.
- These expression levels were statistically significantly different between the sarcoids and SCCs, indicating that PD-L1 expression is more associated with SCCs.
Conclusion
- The results suggest that PD-L1 could be a potential therapeutic target for SCCs.
- The research team recommended in-depth studies on this topic, with larger sample sizes, to further explore the potential of PD-L1 as a treatment target.
Cite This Article
APA
Pimenta J, Prada J, Pires I, Cotovio M.
(2024).
Programmed-cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in equine sarcoids and squamous cell carcinoma.
Open Vet J, 14(6), 1476-1482.
https://doi.org/10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i6.16 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- CECAV Veterinary and Animal Research Center, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Vila Real, Portugal.
- CIVG Vasco da Gama Research Center / EUVG - Vasco da Gama University School, Coimbra, Portugal.
- CECAV Veterinary and Animal Research Center, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Vila Real, Portugal.
- Veterinary Sciences Department, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.
- CECAV Veterinary and Animal Research Center, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Vila Real, Portugal.
- Veterinary Sciences Department, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.
- CECAV Veterinary and Animal Research Center, University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Vila Real, Portugal.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Horses
- Horse Diseases / metabolism
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / veterinary
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / metabolism
- B7-H1 Antigen / metabolism
- B7-H1 Antigen / genetics
- Skin Neoplasms / veterinary
- Skin Neoplasms / metabolism
- Skin Neoplasms / genetics
- Immunohistochemistry / veterinary
- Female
- Male
- Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
Conflict of Interest Statement
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.
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