Proteome and transcriptome profiling of equine myofibrillar myopathy identifies diminished peroxiredoxin 6 and altered cysteine metabolic pathways.
Abstract: Equine myofibrillar myopathy (MFM) causes exertional muscle pain and is characterized by myofibrillar disarray and ectopic desmin aggregates of unknown origin. To investigate the pathophysiology of MFM, we compared resting and 3 h postexercise transcriptomes of gluteal muscle and the resting skeletal muscle proteome of MFM and control Arabian horses with RNA sequencing and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation analyses. Three hours after exercise, 191 genes were identified as differentially expressed (DE) in MFM vs. control muscle with >1 log fold change (FC) in genes involved in sulfur compound/cysteine metabolism such as cystathionine-beta-synthase ( CBS, ↓4.51), a cysteine and neutral amino acid membrane transporter ( SLC7A10, ↓1.80 MFM), and a cationic transporter (SLC24A1, ↓1.11 MFM). In MFM vs. control at rest, 284 genes were DE with >1 log FC in pathways for structure morphogenesis, fiber organization, tissue development, and cell differentiation including > 1 log FC in cardiac alpha actin ( ACTC1 ↑2.5 MFM), cytoskeletal desmoplakin ( DSP ↑2.4 MFM), and basement membrane usherin ( USH2A ↓2.9 MFM). Proteome analysis revealed significantly lower antioxidant peroxiredoxin 6 content (PRDX6, ↓4.14 log FC MFM), higher fatty acid transport enzyme carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT1B, ↑3.49 MFM), and lower sarcomere protein tropomyosin (TPM2, ↓3.24 MFM) in MFM vs. control muscle at rest. We propose that in MFM horses, altered cysteine metabolism and a deficiency of cysteine-containing antioxidants combined with a high capacity to oxidize fatty acids and generate ROS during aerobic exercise causes chronic oxidation and aggregation of key proteins such as desmin.
Publication Date: 2018-10-05 PubMed ID: 30289745PubMed Central: PMC6337024DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00044.2018Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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The research article discusses a study carried out to understand the pathophysiology of Equine Myofibrillar Myopathy (MFM), a muscle condition in horses, by profiling the proteome and transcriptome in the rest and post-exercise phases. The study revealed protein and gene alterations that suggest changes in cysteine metabolism and problematic oxidation in MFM horses.
Research Methods
- The study was conducted on Arabic horses, both control and those afflicted with MFM. This condition is characterised by disorganised units of muscle fibres (myofibrils) and misplaced, aggregated Desmin (a protein).
- The researchers compared both resting and post-exercise (3 hours) transcriptomes of the gluteal muscle as well as the resting proteome of skeletal muscle. Transcriptome refers to all the gene expression information while proteome refers to the entire set of proteins expressed.
- To do this, they used RNA sequencing and a process known as isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation analyses.
Findings
- Three hours after exercise, 191 genes were found to be differentially expressed (changed in a significant way) in MFM horses as compared to control ones. This included a notable change (>1 log fold) in genes involved in sulfur compound/cysteine metabolism.
- Alongside the metabolic changes, there was a decrease in the levels of CBS (an enzyme involved in the creation of cysteine, a type of amino acid), SLC7A10 (amino acid transporter), and SLC24A1 (ionic transporter).
- At resting stage, 284 genes showed >1 log fold change linked to the development and differentiation of cells, fibre organisation, and structural development. There were changes in the levels of ACTC1, DSP, and USH2A that play a role in the mentioned pathways.
- The proteome analysis identified significantly lower levels of the antioxidant peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6), higher levels of CPT1B (a fatty acid transporter) and lower levels of TPM2 (a muscle protein) in MFM horses when compared to controls.
Conclusion
- The study concludes that in MFM horses, an alteration in cysteine metabolism, the deficiency of cysteine-containing antioxidants coupled with a high capacity to oxidize fatty acids, leads to chronic protein oxidation and aggregation, specifically the protein desmin.
- These observations could potentially contribute to the myofibrillar disarray and desmin aggregation observed in MFM.
Cite This Article
APA
Valberg SJ, Perumbakkam S, McKenzie EC, Finno CJ.
(2018).
Proteome and transcriptome profiling of equine myofibrillar myopathy identifies diminished peroxiredoxin 6 and altered cysteine metabolic pathways.
Physiol Genomics, 50(12), 1036-1050.
https://doi.org/10.1152/physiolgenomics.00044.2018 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- McPhail Equine Performance Center, Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.
- Department of Population Sciences, University of Minnesota , St. Paul, Minnesota.
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Michigan State University , East Lansing, Michigan.
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Carlson College of Veterinary Medicine, Oregon State University , Corvallis, Oregon.
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, University of California Davis , Davis, California.
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antioxidants / metabolism
- Basement Membrane / metabolism
- Cell Differentiation / physiology
- Cysteine / metabolism
- Fatty Acids / metabolism
- Female
- Gene Expression Profiling / methods
- Horses
- Male
- Metabolic Networks and Pathways / physiology
- Muscle Proteins / metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal / metabolism
- Myopathies, Structural, Congenital / metabolism
- Peroxiredoxin VI / metabolism
- Physical Conditioning, Animal / physiology
- Proteome / metabolism
- Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
Grant Funding
- K01 OD015134 / NIH HHS
- L40 TR001136 / NCATS NIH HHS
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