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Reproducibility of airway responsiveness in horses using flowmetric plethysmography and histamine bronchoprovocation.
Abstract: Inflammatory airway disease has a high prevalence in horses, but is often a diagnostic challenge. Flowmetric plethysmography and histamine bronchoprovocation (FP/HBP) is a simple and effective tool for diagnosis, but reproducibility of these measurements made over time has not been established. Objective: We hypothesize that the measurement of airway responsiveness in horses using FP/HBP is consistent over both short and long periods of time. Methods: Twenty-nine healthy adult horses from 2 university herds. Methods: In this prospective experimental study, airway responsiveness was determined in each horse at day 0 (baseline [BL]) with FP/ HBP, using PC35 (provocative concentration of histamine needed to increase Delta(flow) by 35%) as a measure of airway responsiveness. Each horse was re-tested 1-4 weeks after BL (short-term [ST]) and again at 3-12 months after BL (long-term [LT]). Results: In the ST period, 23/27 (85%) of the horses had a PC35 that was within 1 doubling concentration of histamine of their BL value, with a mean change of 0.52 doubling concentrations (95% CI 0.26-0.79, range 0-2.06). For the LT data, 19/26 (73%) of horses were within 1 doubling concentration of their BL value, with a mean change of 0.81 doubling concentrations (95% CI 0.45-1.17, range 0.14-3.10). There was no significant difference in reproducibility between the 2 groups of subjects. Conclusions: Repeated measurements of airway responsiveness obtained with FP/HBP show acceptable reproducibility over time periods up to a year. However, caution must be used when testing horses when ambient air temperature is low.
Publication Date: 2009-08-04 PubMed ID: 19645846DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0307.xGoogle Scholar: Lookup The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
- Journal Article
Summary
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This research article examines the reproducibility of measurements for airway responsiveness in horses using flowmetric plethysmography and histamine bronchoprovocation. The study finds that these measurements show satisfactory reproducibility over periods up to one year, although any assessments made in low ambient air temperatures should be approached with caution.
Research Objective and Hypothesis
- The objective of the study was to establish the reproducibility of measurements of airway responsiveness in horses, using flowmetric plethysmography and histamine bronchoprovocation (FP/HBP).
- The researchers hypothesized that these measurements would be consistent over both short and long periods of time.
Methodology
- The researchers conducted a prospective experimental study on twenty-nine healthy adult horses from two university herds.
- Airway responsiveness was initially determined in each horse at day 0 (baseline [BL]) using FP/HBP. The provocative concentration of histamine needed to increase Delta(flow) by 35% (PC35) was used as a measure of airway responsiveness.
- Each horse was re-tested 1-4 weeks after the baseline (the short-term [ST] period) and again at 3-12 months after the baseline (the long-term [LT] period).
Results
- During the short-term period, 23 out of 27 horses (85%) had a PC35 that was within one doubling concentration of histamine of their baseline value, with an average change of 0.52 doubling concentrations.
- In the long-term data, 19 out of 26 horses (73%) were within one doubling concentration of their baseline value, with an average change of 0.81 doubling concentrations.
- No significant difference in reproducibility was observed between the two groups of subjects.
Conclusions
- The study concludes that measurements obtained with FP/HBP exhibit reliable reproducibility over time periods of up to one year.
- However, the researchers noted that caution should be used when testing horses in conditions where the ambient air temperature is low.
Cite This Article
APA
Nolen-Walston RD, Kuehn H, Boston RC, Mazan MR, Wilkins PA, Bruns S, Hoffman AM.
(2009).
Reproducibility of airway responsiveness in horses using flowmetric plethysmography and histamine bronchoprovocation.
J Vet Intern Med, 23(3), 631-635.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-1676.2009.0307.x Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA 19348, USA. rnolenw@vet.upenn.edu
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Histamine / toxicity
- Horse Diseases / chemically induced
- Horses
- Plethysmography / methods
- Plethysmography / veterinary
- Reproducibility of Results
- Respiratory Hypersensitivity / diagnosis
- Respiratory Hypersensitivity / veterinary
Citations
This article has been cited 11 times.- Frippiat T, Art T, Tosi I. Airway Hyperresponsiveness, but Not Bronchoalveolar Inflammatory Cytokines Profiles, Is Modified at the Subclinical Onset of Severe Equine Asthma. Animals (Basel) 2023 Aug 1;13(15).
- Herteman N, Mosing M, Waldmann AD, Gerber V, Schoster A. Exercise-induced airflow changes in horses with asthma measured by electrical impedance tomography. J Vet Intern Med 2021 Sep;35(5):2500-2510.
- Dixon CE, Bedenice D, Mazan MR. Comparison of Flowmetric Plethysmography and Forced Oscillatory Mechanics to Measure Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Horses. Front Vet Sci 2020;7:511023.
- Lanz S, Brunner A, Graubner C, Marti E, Gerber V. Insect Bite Hypersensitivity in Horses is Associated with Airway Hyperreactivity. J Vet Intern Med 2017 Nov;31(6):1877-1883.
- Léguillette R, Tohver T, Bond SL, Nicol JA, McDonald KJ. Effect of Dexamethasone and Fluticasone on Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Horses With Inflammatory Airway Disease. J Vet Intern Med 2017 Jul;31(4):1193-1201.
- Couëtil LL, Cardwell JM, Gerber V, Lavoie JP, Léguillette R, Richard EA. Inflammatory Airway Disease of Horses--Revised Consensus Statement. J Vet Intern Med 2016 Mar-Apr;30(2):503-15.
- Houtsma A, Bedenice D, Pusterla N, Pugliese B, Mapes S, Hoffman AM, Paxson J, Rozanski E, Mukherjee J, Wigley M, Mazan MR. Association between inflammatory airway disease of horses and exposure to respiratory viruses: a case control study. Multidiscip Respir Med 2015;10:33.
- Pacheco AP, Paradis MR, Hoffman AM, Hermida P, Sanchez A, Nadeau JA, Tufts M, Mazan MR. Age effects on blood gas, spirometry, airway reactivity, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology in clinically healthy horses. J Vet Intern Med 2014 Mar-Apr;28(2):603-8.
- Lendl L, Barton AK. Equine Asthma Diagnostics: Review of Influencing Factors and Difficulties in Diagnosing Subclinical Disease. Animals (Basel) 2024 Dec 4;14(23).
- Simões J, Tilley P. Decision Making in Severe Equine Asthma-Diagnosis and Monitoring. Animals (Basel) 2023 Dec 16;13(24).
- Byrne DP, Keeshan B, Hosgood G, Adler A, Mosing M. Comparison of electrical impedance tomography and spirometry-based measures of airflow in healthy adult horses. Front Physiol 2023;14:1164646.
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