Analyze Diet
Schweizer Archiv fur Tierheilkunde2024; 166(12); 648-656; doi: 10.17236/sat00340

[Retrospective study of the effectiveness of human tyrosinase vaccination in eight horses].

Abstract: Dermal melanoma is a common neoplastic disease in horses, which occurs particularly in gray horses. There are various local and systemic therapeutic approaches to treat this skin tumor. Vaccination with human tyrosinase, ONCEPT ® vaccine, is a newer type of systemic melanoma therapy. In this study, the effectiveness of this ONCEPT ® vaccine was retrospectively examined in eight treated horses. In half of the horses (4) a positive change in tumor growth in the sense of retardation, stagnation and, in one of these horses, even reduction in the size of the melanomas was observed. Of the remaining four horses, no change was found in three horses and an acceleration in growth was found in one horse. Half of the treated animals (4) showed side effects associated with the vaccine, three had mild and one moderate to severe side effects. Das dermale Melanom ist eine häufige neoplastische Erkrankung bei Pferden, welche insbesondere bei Schimmeln auftritt. Es gibt verschiedene lokale und systemische Therapieansätze zur Behandlung dieses Hauttumors. Eine neuere Art der systemischen Melanom-Therapie ist die Impfung mit humaner Tyrosinase, die ONCEPT ®-Vakzine. In dieser Studie wurde die Wirksamkeit dieser ONCEPT ®-Vakzine retrospektiv an acht behandelten Pferden untersucht. Bei der Hälfte der Pferde (4) zeigte sich eine positive Veränderung des Wachstums im Sinne von Verlangsamung, Stagnation des Tumorwachstums und, bei einem von diesen Pferden, sogar eine Verkleinerung der Melanome. Bei den restlichen vier Pferden konnte bei drei Pferden keine Veränderung und bei einem Pferd eine Beschleunigung im Wachstum festgestellt werden. Die Hälfte der behandelten Tiere (4) zeigten zudem unerwünschte Wirkungen im Zusammenhang mit der Vakzine, drei davon geringgradige und eines mittel- bis hochgradige. Le mélanome dermique est une maladie néoplasique fréquente chez les chevaux, qui se manifeste notamment chez les gris. Il existe différentes approches thérapeutiques locales et systémiques pour traiter cette tumeur cutanée. Un type récent de traitement systémique du mélanome est la vaccination à la tyrosinase humaine, le vaccin ONCEPT®. Dans cette étude, l’efficacité de ce vaccin a été évaluée rétrospectivement sur huit chevaux traités. Chez la moitié des chevaux (4), on a observé une modification positive de la croissance dans le sens d’un ralentissement, d’une stagnation de la croissance de la tumeur et, chez l’un de ces chevaux, même d’une réduction du mélanome. Chez les quatre chevaux restants, aucun changement n’a été constaté chez trois d’entre eux et une accélération de la croissance a été observée chez un cheval. La moitié des animaux traités (4) ont également présenté des effets indésirables liés au vaccin, dont trois de faible gravité et un de gravité moyenne à élevée. Il melanoma dermico è una malattia neoplastica comune nei cavalli, che si manifesta in particolare nei cavalli grigi. Esistono vari approcci terapeutici locali e sistemici per trattare questo tumore della pelle. La vaccinazione con tirosinasi umana, vaccino ONCEPT®, è un tipo più recente di terapia sistemica per il melanoma. In questo studio, l’efficacia di questo vaccino ONCEPT® è stata esaminata retrospettivamente in otto cavalli trattati. In metà dei cavalli (4) è stato osservato un cambiamento positivo nella crescita del tumore, sotto forma di rallentamento, stasi e, in uno di questi cavalli, anche riduzione delle dimensioni dei melanomi. Nei restanti quattro cavalli, non è stato riscontrato alcun cambiamento in tre cavalli, mentre in uno è stata osservata una velocizzazione della crescita. La metà degli animali trattati (4) ha mostrato effetti collaterali associati al vaccino, tre dei quali lievi e uno da moderati a gravi.
Publication Date: 2024-12-03 PubMed ID: 39623874DOI: 10.17236/sat00340Google Scholar: Lookup
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
  • English Abstract
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study assesses the effectiveness of a human tyrosinase vaccine, ONCEPT®, in treating dermal melanoma in horses. The study found mixed results with improvement in some horses, no change in others and one case of accelerated tumor growth.

Research Background

  • Dermal melanoma is a frequent neoplastic (abnormal mass of tissue growth) disease affecting horses, especially in gray horses.
  • Several local and systemic treatments are available to treat this type of skin tumor.
  • One recent systemic therapy is vaccination with human tyrosinase (an enzyme), named ONCEPT®.

Research Methodology

  • In this retrospective study, eight horses were given the ONCEPT® vaccine and their responses were observed.
  • The response to the vaccine was measured by tracking changes in tumor growth. This includes slowing down of tumor growth, halting (stagnation) or reduction in size of the melanomas.

Research Findings

  • Half of the horses (4 out of 8) experienced positive changes with regards to tumor growth. This includes slowed growth, stagnation, and reduction in the size of the melanomas.
  • In three of the remaining four horses, no change in the tumor was observed.
  • In one horse, the tumor growth accelerated rather than slowed or stopped.
  • Half of the treated animals (4 out of 8) showed side effects related to the vaccine. Three horses had mild side effects, while one experienced moderate to severe side effects.

Conclusion

  • The results of this study provide a mixed picture of the effectiveness of the ONCEPT® vaccine in treating dermal melanoma in horses.
  • Further research and larger sample sizes are needed to better ascertain the benefits and potential risks associated with this therapy.

Cite This Article

APA
Brunner S, Fürst AE, Jackson MA. (2024). [Retrospective study of the effectiveness of human tyrosinase vaccination in eight horses]. Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd, 166(12), 648-656. https://doi.org/10.17236/sat00340

Publication

ISSN: 1664-2848
NlmUniqueID: 0424247
Country: Switzerland
Language: ger
Volume: 166
Issue: 12
Pages: 648-656

Researcher Affiliations

Brunner, S
  • Department für Pferde, Klinik für Pferdechirurgie, Vetsuisse-Fakultät, Universität Zürich.
Fürst, A E
  • Departement für Pferde, Vetsuisse-Fakultät, Universität Zürich.
Jackson, M A
  • Department für Pferde, Klinik für Pferdechirurgie, Vetsuisse-Fakultät, Universität Zürich.

MeSH Terms

  • Animals
  • Cancer Vaccines / pharmacology
  • Cancer Vaccines / therapeutic use
  • Horse Diseases / diagnosis
  • Horse Diseases / drug therapy
  • Horses
  • Melanoma / diagnosis
  • Melanoma / drug therapy
  • Melanoma / veterinary
  • Monophenol Monooxygenase / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Skin Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Skin Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Skin Neoplasms / veterinary
  • Vaccination / adverse effects
  • Vaccination / veterinary

Citations

This article has been cited 0 times.