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Home / Equine Research Bank / Genes (Basel) / Satellite DNA at the Centromere is Dispensable for Segregati...
Genes2019; 10(6); 469; doi: 10.3390/genes10060469

Satellite DNA at the Centromere is Dispensable for Segregation Fidelity.

Abstract: The typical vertebrate centromeres contain long stretches of highly repeated DNA sequences (satellite DNA). We previously demonstrated that the karyotypes of the species belonging to the genus are characterized by the presence of satellite-free and satellite-based centromeres and represent a unique biological model for the study of centromere organization and behavior. Using horse primary fibroblasts cultured in vitro, we compared the segregation fidelity of chromosome 11, whose centromere is satellite-free, with that of chromosome 13, which has similar size and a centromere containing long stretches of satellite DNA. The mitotic stability of the two chromosomes was compared under normal conditions and under mitotic stress induced by the spindle inhibitor, nocodazole. Two independent molecular-cytogenetic approaches were used-the interphase aneuploidy analysis and the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. Both assays were coupled to fluorescence in situ hybridization with chromosome specific probes in order to identify chromosome 11 and chromosome 13, respectively. In addition, we tested if the lack of centromeric satellite DNA affected chromatid cohesion under normal and stress conditions. We demonstrated that, in our system, the segregation fidelity of a chromosome is not influenced by the presence of long stretches of tandem repeats at its centromere. To our knowledge, the present study is the first analysis of the mitotic behavior of a natural satellite-free centromere.
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Publication Date: 2019-06-20 PubMed ID: 31226862PubMed Central: PMC6627300DOI: 10.3390/genes10060469Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article
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  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The researchers conducted a comparison study on two types of centromeres, satellite-free and satellite-based, in horse primary fibroblasts to understand if the presence of satellite DNA impacts chromosome segregation fidelity. The study concluded that long stretches of satellite DNA or tandem repeats at the centromere do not influence chromosome segregation fidelity.

Background

  • Satellite DNA, which are long stretches of highly repeated DNA sequences, is typically found in vertebrate centromeres.
  • The study made use of species from the genus horse, which have both satellite-free and satellite-based centromeres, providing a unique model for studying centromere organization and behavior.
  • The researchers had previously demonstrated the distinctive presence of these two centromere types in the species of the given genus.

Comparison of Centromeres

  • The study took two chromosomes from horse primary fibroblasts, chromosome 11 with a satellite-free centromere, and chromosome 13 with a centromeric containing satellite DNA.
  • The researchers then compared the mitotic stability, or segregation fidelity, of both chromosomes under normal conditions and under mitotic stress induced by the spindle inhibitor, nocodazole.

Methodology

  • Two separate molecular-cytogenetic approaches were employed for the study: interphase aneuploidy analysis, and the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay.
  • Both these methods were coupled with fluorescence in situ hybridization using chromosome-specific probes to identify chromosomes 11 and 13.
  • The researchers also tested whether the absence of centromeric satellite DNA affected chromatid cohesion under normal and stressful conditions.

Findings

  • The study demonstrated that in the given system, the segregation fidelity of a chromosome was not influenced by the presence of long tandem repeats of DNA sequences at its centromere.
  • This, they state, is the first analysis of the mitotic behavior of a naturally occurring satellite-free centromere.

Cite This Article

APA
(2019). Satellite DNA at the Centromere is Dispensable for Segregation Fidelity. Genes (Basel), 10(6), 469. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes10060469

Publication

Genes
ISSN: 2073-4425
NlmUniqueID: 101551097
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 10
Issue: 6
PII: 469

Researcher Affiliations

MeSH Terms

  • Aneuploidy
  • Animals
  • Centromere / genetics
  • Chromosome Segregation / genetics
  • Chromosomes / genetics
  • DNA, Satellite / genetics
  • Horses / classification
  • Horses / genetics
  • Humans
  • In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
  • Interphase / genetics
  • Karyotyping
  • Tandem Repeat Sequences / genetics

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

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Citations

This article has been cited 7 times.
  1. Piras FM, Cappelletti E, Abdelgadir WA, Salamon G, Vignati S, Santagostino M, Sola L, Nergadze SG, Giulotto E. A Satellite-Free Centromere in Equus przewalskii Chromosome 10.. Int J Mol Sci 2023 Feb 18;24(4).
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