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Home / Equine Research Bank / Equine Vet J / Sedation with dexmedetomidine-butorphanol or xylazine-butorp...
Equine veterinary journal2024; doi: 10.1111/evj.14052

Sedation with dexmedetomidine-butorphanol or xylazine-butorphanol continuous intravenous infusions during unilateral ovariectomy in standing donkeys.

Abstract: Intravenous infusions of alpha-2 adrenoceptor sedatives and opioids can potentially facilitate surgery in donkeys while standing. Literature on this subject matter is scant. Objective: Evaluation of efficacy of sedation from α -adrenoceptors (dexmedetomidine or xylazine) and butorphanol during ovariectomy in standing donkeys. Methods: Randomised, masked in vivo experiment. Methods: Thirteen female donkeys were sedated with butorphanol (0.05 mg/kg bwt followed by 0.5 mg/kg bwt/h) IV. Concomitantly, 6 of the 13 jennies were sedated with dexmedetomidine 2.5 mcg/kg bwt followed by 2.5 mcg/kg bwt/h (Dex-B group), while seven jennies were sedated with xylazine 0.5 mg/kg bwt followed by 0.5 mg/kg bwt/h (Xyl-B group). A line block of the left flank and an infiltration block around uterine ligament were performed with lidocaine. While the jennies underwent ovariectomies standing, sedation scores and head height above ground were assessed at 2 and 10 min after sedative boluses and every 10 min thereafter. If sedation was too light or too deep, the dose of dexmedetomidine or xylazine was increased or decreased by 25% of the original infusion rate, while butorphanol infusion rate was constant. Physiological parameters were measured. Normally distributed data were compared using the two-sample t test while repeatedly measured data were tested for differences between and within groups using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) by ranks followed by a Wilcoxon test with Tukey Honest Significant Difference for multiple testing. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Both Dex-B and Xyl-B caused moderate to marked sedation adequate for ovariectomy in donkeys. Evident sedation was absent by 60 min of termination of infusions. No adverse physiological effects were observed. Conclusions: Study on ovariectomy cases only, no pharmacokinetic profiling. Conclusions: Dexmedetomidine or xylazine and butorphanol sedation is feasible for ovariectomy in standing donkeys.
© 2024 EVJ Ltd.
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Publication Date: 2024-01-03 PubMed ID: 38173139DOI: 10.1111/evj.14052Google Scholar: Lookup
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  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research study investigates the effectiveness of using two different types of sedative infusions – dexmedetomidine-butorphanol and xylazine-butorphanol – during unilateral ovariectomy surgery in standing donkeys. It concludes that both options provided sufficient sedation and no physiological issues were observed.

Objectives

  • The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of dexmedetomidine or xylazine (both alpha-2 adrenoceptor sedatives) combined with butorphanol, an opioid, to facilitate surgery in standing donkeys.

Methods

  • Thirteen female donkeys were involved in this randomised, in vivo experiment.
  • All donkeys were initially given butorphanol intravenously. Then they were divided into two groups: the first group was given dexmedetomidine and the second group was given xylazine.
  • The donkeys’ sedation levels were monitored at regular intervals during and after surgery. Adjustments in dexmedetomidine or xylazine dosage were made if their sedation was identified to be too light or too deep. The butorphanol infusion rate remained constant throughout the operation.
  • The level of analgesia was assessed by tracking the head height from the ground and subjective sedation scores.
  • Physiological parameters, like heart rate and respiratory rate, were also recorded throughout the experiment.
  • Statistical analysis was conducted using two-sample t-test and repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Results

  • The results showed that both dexmedetomidine-butorphanol and xylazine-butorphanol infusions caused moderate to marked sedation suitable for the surgery in donkeys.
  • The sedation effects ended approximately 60 minutes after the infusions were stopped, and no adverse physiological effects were detected in any of the subjects.

Conclusion

  • The study concludes that dexmedetomidine or xylazine combined with butorphanol can be successfully used for sedation during ovariectomy surgery in standing donkeys.
  • However, the researchers note that their study focused only on ovariectomy procedures, and did not provide a pharmacokinetic profile for the tested compounds and their interactions.

Cite This Article

APA
Dzikiti TB, Maney JK, Thorogood J, Segabinazzi L, Peterson E, Dzikiti LN, Escobar A. (2024). Sedation with dexmedetomidine-butorphanol or xylazine-butorphanol continuous intravenous infusions during unilateral ovariectomy in standing donkeys. Equine Vet J. https://doi.org/10.1111/evj.14052

Publication

Equine veterinary journal
ISSN: 2042-3306
NlmUniqueID: 0173320
Country: United States
Language: English

Researcher Affiliations

Dzikiti, Tarisai B
  • Clinical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis.
Maney, Jill K
  • Clinical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis.
Thorogood, Jemma
  • Clinical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis.
Segabinazzi, Lorenzo
  • Clinical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis.
Peterson, Erik
  • Clinical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis.
Dzikiti, Loveness N
  • Clinical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis.
Escobar, André
  • Clinical Sciences, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, Saint Kitts and Nevis.

Grant Funding

  • Center for Integrative Mammalian Research, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine

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