Several recombinant capsid proteins of equine rhinitis a virus show potential as diagnostic antigens.
Abstract: Equine rhinitis A virus (ERAV) is a significant pathogen of horses and is also closely related to Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). Despite these facts, knowledge of the prevalence and importance of ERAV infections remains limited, largely due to the absence of a simple, robust diagnostic assay. In this study, we compared the antigenicities of recombinant full-length and fragmented ERAV capsid proteins expressed in Escherichia coli by using sera from experimentally infected and naturally exposed horses. We found that, from the range of antigens tested, recombinant proteins encompassing the C-terminal region of VP1, full-length VP2, and the N-terminal region of VP2 reacted specifically with antibodies present in sera from each of the five experimentally infected horses examined. Antibodies to epitopes on VP2 (both native and recombinant forms) persisted longer postinfection (>105 days) than antibodies specific for epitopes on other fragments. Our data also suggest that B-cell epitopes within the C terminus of VP1 and N terminus of VP2 contribute to a large proportion of the total reactivity of recombinant VP1 and VP2, respectively. Importantly, the reactivity of these VP1 and VP2 recombinant proteins in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) correlated well with the results from a range of native antigen-based serological assays using sera from 12 field horses. This study provides promising candidates for development of a diagnostic ERAV ELISA.
Publication Date: 2005-06-09 PubMed ID: 15939754PubMed Central: PMC1151976DOI: 10.1128/CDLI.12.6.778-785.2005Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary
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This research article explores the potential of certain recombinant proteins of the equine rhinitis A virus (ERAV), a common horse pathogen, to be used as diagnostic antigens. While the goal is to develop a reliable ERAV diagnostic test, these antigens could also provide insights into related viruses, such as the Foot-and-mouth disease virus.
Understanding ERAV and its Diagnostic Challenges
- The equine rhinitis A virus (ERAV) is a significant pathogen that affects horses, and it is also linked to the Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV).
- However, knowledge about the prevalence and severity of ERAV infections is lacking, largely due to the absence of a robust and straightforward diagnostic tool.
- This study aims to address this gap by identifying potential diagnostic antigens in the virus’s structure.
Evaluating Recombinant Capsid Proteins
- The research compared the antigenic properties of various recombinant versions of ERAV’s capsid proteins (VP1, VP2), both complete and fragmented.
- The proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli and tested against sera taken from horses that were both experimentally infected and naturally exposed to the virus.
Findings and Implications
- The study found that recombinant proteins in the C-terminal region of VP1, full-length VP2, and the N-terminal part of VP2 specifically interacted with antibodies in the sera from all five experimentally infected horses tested.
- It was also discovered that antibodies reacting to epitopes on both native and recombinant forms of VP2 persisted for a longer period after infection (>105 days) compared to antibodies for epitopes on other fragments. This suggests that VP2 might play a key role in the host’s immune response to the virus.
- The results also implied the presence of epitopes in the C terminus of VP1 and the N terminus of VP2 that contribute significantly to the total reactivity of these two proteins.
- The researchers found that the reactivity of these recombinant VP1 and VP2 proteins in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) corresponded well with results from other serological tests using sera from 12 field horses. This match provides further confidence in the potential use of these recombinant proteins as antigens in diagnostic tests for ERAV.
Cite This Article
APA
Li F, Stevenson RA, Crabb BS, Studdert MJ, Hartley CA.
(2005).
Several recombinant capsid proteins of equine rhinitis a virus show potential as diagnostic antigens.
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol, 12(6), 778-785.
https://doi.org/10.1128/CDLI.12.6.778-785.2005 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
- Centre for Equine Virology, School of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia. fanli@burnet.edu.au
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antibodies, Bacterial / blood
- Antigens, Viral / genetics
- Antigens, Viral / immunology
- Aphthovirus / genetics
- Aphthovirus / immunology
- B-Lymphocytes / immunology
- Blotting, Western
- Capsid Proteins / genetics
- Capsid Proteins / immunology
- Chlorocebus aethiops
- Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Epitope Mapping
- Horse Diseases / diagnosis
- Horse Diseases / immunology
- Horse Diseases / virology
- Horses
- Picornaviridae Infections / diagnosis
- Picornaviridae Infections / immunology
- Picornaviridae Infections / veterinary
- Recombinant Proteins / genetics
- Recombinant Proteins / immunology
- Vero Cells
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