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Home / Equine Research Bank / Can J Vet Res / Systemic and colonic venous plasma biochemical alterations i...
Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire1998; 62(1); 14-20;

Systemic and colonic venous plasma biochemical alterations in horses during low-flow ischemia and reperfusion of the large colon.

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of low-flow ischemia and reperfusion (I-R) of the large colon on 16 systemic venous (SV) and colonic venous (CV) plasma biochemical variables in horses. Horses (n = 24) were randomly allocated to 3 groups: sham-operated (n = 6), 6 h ischemia (n = 9), and 3 h ischemia followed by 3 h reperfusion (n = 9). SV and CV heparinized blood was collected at 0, 1, 3, 3.25, 4, and 6 h. The SV-CV difference was calculated for each variable. The SV, CV, and SV-CV difference for albumin, total protein, and calcium decreased significantly (P < 0.05) across time in horses of all groups, but there were no differences among groups. SV phosphorous was significantly increased from baseline (BL) at 1 to 6 h in horses of all groups, but there were no differences among groups. CV phosphorous was significantly greater than BL from 1 to 6 h in group-2 horses and from 1 to 3 h in group-3 horses. SV potassium was not different among groups, but was significantly higher at 6 h, compared with BL in horses of all groups. CV potassium was significantly greater than BL from 1 to 6 h in horses of groups 2 and 3. SV glucose was greater at 6 h compared with all previous times in horses of all groups, but there were no difference among groups. CV glucose was significantly lower than BL and group-1 values in horses of groups 2 and 3 during ischemia, but returned to BL during reperfusion in group-3 horses. CV anion gap was significantly greater and SV-CV anion gap was significantly more negative in horses of groups 2 and 3, compared with group-1 horses during ischemia. The biologic relevance of these alterations is unknown, but they may contribute to histopathologic, hemodynamic, and metabolic alterations characteristic of low-flow I-R. Alternatively, these alterations may simply reflect colonic injury sustained during I-R. Results suggest that the colon utilizes glucose as a fuel and generates acid anions during low-flow ischemia. Increased CV phosphorous and potassium during I-R likely occurs as a result of leakage of intracellular stores subsequent to cellular damage.
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Publication Date: 1998-01-27 PubMed ID: 9442934PubMed Central: PMC1189436
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  • Journal Article
  • Research Support
  • Non-U.S. Gov't

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

The research focused on understanding the impact of reduced blood flow (ischemia) and restoration of blood flow (reperfusion) on the biochemistry of horse’s large colon. Notably, changes in 16 specific plasma biochemical markers were monitored under these ischemia and reperfusion conditions.

Methodology

  • The study involved 24 horses that were divided into three groups: a control group (sham-operated), a group subjected to 6 hours of ischemia, and a group subjected to 3 hours of ischemia followed by 3 hours of reperfusion.
  • Blood samples were taken at various time points from both systemic venous (SV), that is the body’s general circulation, and colonic venous (CV), the blood circulation specific to the colon, for biochemical analysis.
  • The difference in biochemical variables between the SV and CV states were analyzed among the three groups.

Findings

  • There was a significant decrease over time in the levels of albumin, total protein, and calcium in both SV and CV blood samples across all groups, but no significant differences were found between the groups.
  • The level of phosphorous in SV blood significantly increased over time in all groups, and likewise in the CV blood in horses subjected to ischemia (group 2 and 3). However, no significant differences were found between the groups.
  • Potassium levels in CV samples were increased in ischemia-exposed horses and in SV blood samples over time across all groups.
  • Glucose levels in CV blood decreased during ischemia, but returned to normal during reperfusion. In SV samples, glucose levels were consistently higher at the 6-hour mark across all groups.
  • The difference in anion gap, a measure of charged particles in the blood, between SV and CV was more negative during ischemia in groups 2 and 3 compared to group 1.

Interpreting the Results

  • The significance of these changes is still unclear. They may be linked to the characteristic metabolic, hemodynamic, and histopathologic alterations observed during ischemia and reperfusion.
  • The changes may represent the damage sustained by the colon as a result of ischemia and reperfusion. The data suggests that during ischemia, the colon uses glucose as fuel and produces acid anions.
  • The increased phosphorous and potassium levels in the CV blood during I-R might be due to leakage from damaged cells.

Cite This Article

APA
Moore RM, Muir WW, Rush BR. (1998). Systemic and colonic venous plasma biochemical alterations in horses during low-flow ischemia and reperfusion of the large colon. Can J Vet Res, 62(1), 14-20.

Publication

Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire
ISSN: 0830-9000
NlmUniqueID: 8607793
Country: Canada
Language: English
Volume: 62
Issue: 1
Pages: 14-20

Researcher Affiliations

Moore, R M
  • Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803-8410, USA.
Muir, W W
    Rush, B R

      MeSH Terms

      • Alkaline Phosphatase / blood
      • Analysis of Variance
      • Animals
      • Aspartate Aminotransferases / blood
      • Blood Glucose / metabolism
      • Blood Proteins / metabolism
      • Colon / blood supply
      • Creatine Kinase / blood
      • Electrolytes / blood
      • Female
      • Horses / blood
      • Ischemia / blood
      • Male
      • Reperfusion
      • Time Factors
      • Veins

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      Citations

      This article has been cited 1 times.
      1. Krueger CR, Ruple-Czerniak A, Hackett ES. Evaluation of plasma muscle enzyme activity as an indicator of lesion characteristics and prognosis in horses undergoing celiotomy for acute gastrointestinal pain. BMC Vet Res 2014;10 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S7.
        doi: 10.1186/1746-6148-10-S1-S7pubmed: 25237781google scholar: lookup
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