The characterization of equine prealbumin (Pr) proteins by antigen-antibody crossed electrophoresis.
Abstract: Acta vet. scand. 1979, , 180–190. — Selected equine Pr phenotypes from a total of 55 horses of mixed breeds were investigated. The horse sera were subjected to acid starch gel electrophoresis at pH 4.8, followed by right angle electrophoresis in agarose gels containing rabbit-produced anti-Pr protein. This technique gives peaks in the agarose gels corresponding to the Pr zones in acid gels. The investigation revealed patterns of the Pr protein which were more complex than those seen when using ordinary acid starch gel electrophoresis. The phenotypes FF, II and LL showed a total of eight peaks, each with three main peaks in the front. Ahead of these, the Pr II and Pr LL phenotypes each had a fourth small peak. The basic fast pattern for these two phenotypes therefore consisted of four bands. The Pr WW and Pr SS showed a similar picture as regards the fast moving peaks. The Pr NN type appeared with two peaks in the front, one small and one large and with two slow moving ones. The Pr UU type had four peaks, but only in the area of the main Pr U band in acid gels. Four heterozygous Pr phenotypes appeared as a combination of the corresponding homozygous phenotypes, the number and height of the peaks depending on positions and overlappings of these in the respective homozygotes. Thus the Pr FW phenotype showed a total of 10 peaks. The effect of variations in pH of the starch gel buffer was studied. The Pr NN and Pr FF phenotypes were run at pH 4.8, 5.0, 5.2 and 5.4. With increasing pH, the slow moving peaks weakened and moved closer to the fast ones. At pH 5.4 only one large fast moving peak remained. Det ble foretatt en undersøkelse av besternte Pr fenotyper has hest på et totalantall av 55 hester av forskj eilige raser. Hestesera ble kjørt på stivelseselektroforese ved pH 4.8 etterfulgt av elektroforese i rett vinkel på agarose gel som inneholdt anti-Pr-protein produsert på kanin. Undersøkelsen åpenbarte mere komplekse mønstre av Pr proteinet enn det som er sett ved ordinær elektroforese på stivelsesgel. Fenotypene FF, II og LL viste et totalantall på åtte topper hver med tre hovedtopper fairest. Foran disse hadde Pr II og Pr LL fenotypene hver en fjerde mindre topp. Det fremre hovedmønster for disse to fenotyper besto derfor av fire band. Pr WW og Pr SS hadde et lignende mønster når det gjaldt de hurtige topper. Pr NN typen viste to topper forrest, en liten og en stor, og i tillegg to mere langsomtgàende topper. Pr UU typen hadde fire topper uten å ha noen som vandret långsomt. Fire heterozygote Pr fenotyper viste seg som en kombinasjon av de tilsvarende homozygote fenotyper, idet antall og høyder av topper avhang av posisjoner og overlappinger av toppene i de respektive homozygoter. Således viste Pr FW fenotypen et totalantall på ti topper. Virkningene av variasjoner i pH i stivelsesgelbufferen ble undersøkt. Pr NN og Pr FF fenotype ble kjørt ved pH 4,8, 5,0, 5,2 og 5,4. Ved stigende pH ble de saktegående topper mindre og bevæget seg nærmere de hurtige. Ved pH 5,4 gjensto bare en hurtiggående topp.
Publication Date: 1979-01-01 PubMed ID: 484403PubMed Central: PMC8322906DOI: 10.1186/BF03546610Google Scholar: Lookup
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- Journal Article
Summary
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This research article studies the characterization of equine prealbumin (Pr) proteins using a technique called antigen-antibody crossed electrophoresis. It explains the varying patterns of Pr protein identified from 55 different mixed breed horses.
Research Methodology
- The researchers took the sera from 55 horses of different breeds and subjected them to acid starch gel electrophoresis at an acidic pH of 4.8.
- This was followed by right-angle electrophoresis in agarose gels that contained rabbit-produced anti-Pr protein.
- The method produced peaks in the agarose gels that matched the Pr zones in the initial acid gels.
Main Findings
- The patterns of Pr protein identified were found to be more complex than those observed using ordinary gel electrophoresis.
- Phenotypes FF, II, and LL showed eight peaks, three major ones at the forefront. Additionally, the Pr II and Pr LL phenotypes also revealed a fourth minor peak. Hence, the basic pattern for these phenotypes consisted of four bands.
- Phenotypes Pr WW and Pr SS displayed a similar picture with respect to the fast-moving peaks.
- The Pr NN phenotype manifested with two peaks at the forefront, one small and one large, and two slow-moving ones.
- The Pr UU showed four peaks, but only surrounding the main Pr U band in acid gels.
- Four heterozygous Pr phenotypes appeared as a combination of the corresponding homozygous phenotypes, the number and height of the peaks being dependent on the positioning and overlapping of these in corresponding homozygotes.
- As an example, the Pr FW phenotype showed a total of 10 peaks.
Effects of pH Variation
- The research also studied the effect of pH variations on the starch gel buffer. They experimented with phenotypes Pr NN and Pr FF at pH 4.8, 5.0, 5.2, and 5.4.
- The findings suggested that as the pH increased, the slow-moving peaks weakened and moved closer to the fast ones.
- At the pH level of 5.4, only one large fast-moving peak remained.
Overall, this research presented intricate details about the patterns and variations in equine’s Pr proteins, adding substantial value to the understanding of genetic makeup in horses.
Cite This Article
APA
Ek N.
(1979).
The characterization of equine prealbumin (Pr) proteins by antigen-antibody crossed electrophoresis.
Acta Vet Scand, 20(2), 180-190.
https://doi.org/10.1186/BF03546610 Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Horses / genetics
- Horses / immunology
- Immunoelectrophoresis, Two-Dimensional
- Phenotype
- Prealbumin / genetics
- Serum Albumin / genetics
References
This article includes 9 references
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- Braend M. Genetics of horse acidic prealbumins.. Genetics 1970 Jul;65(3):495-503.
- Ek N. Serum levels of the immunoglobulins IgG and IgG(T) in horses.. Acta Vet Scand 1974;15(4):609-19.
- Ek N. Identification of the PR prealbumin proteins in horse serum.. Acta Vet Scand 1977;18(4):458-70.
- Fagerhol MK. Quantitative studies on the inherited variants of serum alpha-1-antitrypsin.. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 1969 Feb;23(1):97-103.
- Fagerhol MK, Braend M. Serum prealbumin: polymorphism in man.. Science 1965 Aug 27;149(3687):986-7.
- Fagerhol MK, Braend M. Classification of human serum prealbumins after starch gel electrophoresis.. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand 1966;68(3):434-8.
- Fagerhol MK, Laurell CB. The polymorphism of "prealbumins" and alpha-1-antitrypsin in human sera.. Clin Chim Acta 1967 May;16(2):199-203.
- Gahne B. Studies on the inheritance of electrophoretic forms of transferrins, albumins, prealbumins and plasma esterases of horses.. Genetics 1966 Apr;53(4):681-94.
Citations
This article has been cited 3 times.- Ek N, Braend M. Quantitative comparisons of acidic prealbumin (PR) phenotypes in horses. Acta Vet Scand 1980;21(3):380-8.
- Ek N. Antigen-antibody crossed electrophoretic studies and quantitative comparisons of serum transferrin types in horses. Acta Vet Scand 1981;22(2):246-59.
- Braend M. Genetic variation of the equine serum protease inhibitor system Pi (Pr) characterized by an enzyme binding staining technique after starch gel electrophoresis. Acta Vet Scand 1982;23(4):592-602.
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