The complement-fixation reaction in eguine infectious anemia: demonstration of inhibition by IgG (T).
Abstract: The role of non-complement-fixing anti-equine infectious anemia (EIA) antibody in the conversion of complement fixation (CF) tests from positive to negative in EIA-infected horses was investigated. Complement-fixation inhibition (CFI) tests demonstrated antibodies in sera that were CF negative. These antibodies would bind to antigen, but would not fix complement. The inhibiting antibodies were isolated and shown to be IgG(T) by immunoelectrophoresis and immunodiffusion against monospecific anti-IgG(T) antisera. Separation of immunoglobulins from affected horse sera by DEAE cellulose chromatography revealed 11 of 13 had complement-fixing IgG and non-complement-fixing IgG(T) antibodies present simultaneously regardless of the reactivity of whole sera. The reactivity of whole sera in CF and CFI tests evidently depended upon the relative concentration and perhaps affinity of the Ig classes. The predominant class fluctuated in serial sera from four of six persistently infected horses.
Publication Date: 1971-12-01 PubMed ID: 5000991
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- Journal Article
Summary
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The researchers explored the role of a particular type of antibody in altering immune responses to equine infectious anemia in horses, and found that the behavior of these antibodies could be linked to the disease’s progression.
Research Goal
- The main goal of this study was to investigate how a certain kind of antibody – non-complement-fixing anti-equine infectious anemia (EIA) antibody – could change complement fixation tests from positive to negative in horses infected with EIA.
Methodology and Findings
- The research team employed Complement-fixation inhibition (CFI) tests, which revealed the presence of the inhibiting antibodies in sera that were CF negative. They found that these antibodies would bind to the corresponding antigen, but would not fix complement, which is a part of the immune response.
- These inhibiting antibodies were isolated, and by using both immunoelectrophoresis and immunodiffusion techniques against monospecific anti-IgG(T) antisera, were identified as IgG(T) antibodies.
- The investigation further examined the separation of immunoglobulins from horse sera affected by EIA using DEAE cellulose chromatography. From the 13 samples analyzed, they found that 11 had both complement-fixing IgG and non-complement-fixing IgG(T) antibodies present simultaneously, independent of how the whole sera reacted.
Implications and Conclusions
- The data suggests that the reactivity of whole sera in CF and CFI tests is likely dependent on the relative concentration and possibly the affinity of the Ig classes.
- Further investigation into serial sera from four out of six long-term infected horses indicated that the predominant class of these antibodies can fluctuate.
- The study provides meaningful insight into disease progression and immune responses in equine infectious anemia, potentially helping develop better diagnostic approaches in the future.
Cite This Article
APA
McGuire TC, Van Hoosier GL, Henson JB.
(1971).
The complement-fixation reaction in eguine infectious anemia: demonstration of inhibition by IgG (T).
J Immunol, 107(6), 1738-1744.
Publication
Researcher Affiliations
MeSH Terms
- Animals
- Antibodies
- Antibody Specificity
- Antigen-Antibody Reactions
- Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose
- Complement Fixation Tests
- Equine Infectious Anemia / immunology
- Horses
- Immune Sera
- Immunodiffusion
- Immunoelectrophoresis
- Immunoglobulin G
- Immunoglobulins / isolation & purification
Citations
This article has been cited 18 times.- Awinda PO, Mealey RH, Williams LB, Conrad PA, Packham AE, Reif KE, Grause JF, Pelzel-McCluskey AM, Chung C, Bastos RG, Kappmeyer LS, Howe DK, Ness SL, Knowles DP, Ueti MW. Serum antibodies from a subset of horses positive for Babesia caballi by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrate a protein recognition pattern that is not consistent with infection. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2013 Nov;20(11):1752-7.
- Mealey RH, Kappmeyer LS, Ueti MW, Wagner B, Knowles DP. Protective effects of passively transferred merozoite-specific antibodies against Theileria equi in horses with severe combined immunodeficiency. Clin Vaccine Immunol 2012 Jan;19(1):100-4.
- Huang X, Xuan X, Yokoyama N, Xu L, Suzuki H, Sugimoto C, Nagasawa H, Fujisaki K, Igarashi I. High-level expression and purification of a truncated merozoite antigen-2 of Babesia equi in Escherichia coli and its potential for immunodiagnosis. J Clin Microbiol 2003 Mar;41(3):1147-51.
- Kappmeyer LS, Perryman LE, Hines SA, Baszler TV, Katz JB, Hennager SG, Knowles DP. Detection of equine antibodies to babesia caballi by recombinant B. caballi rhoptry-associated protein 1 in a competitive-inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. J Clin Microbiol 1999 Jul;37(7):2285-90.
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- Olsen RG, Kahn DE, Hoover EA, Saxe NJ, Yohn DS. Differences in acute and convalescent-phase antibodies of cats infected with feline picornaviruses. Infect Immun 1974 Aug;10(2):375-80.
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- McGuire TC. Suppression of synthesis of an IgG subclass in a persistent viral infection. Immunology 1976 Jan;30(1):17-24.
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