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Home / Equine Research Bank / Front Microbiol / The diversity analysis and gene function prediction of intes...
Frontiers in microbiology2022; 13; 973828; doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.973828

The diversity analysis and gene function prediction of intestinal bacteria in three equine species.

Abstract: The intestinal flora has a variety of physiological functions involved in the regulation of host metabolism, immunity and endocrinology, and plays an important role in maintaining the health of the host. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze the intestinal bacterial diversity and their gene functions in three equine species of the genus Shetland Pony (SP), Mongolian Wild Ass (MA), and Plain Zebra (PZ) in captivity in two wildlife parks in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China. The results showed that only the SP intestinal bacterial abundance index (Chao1) was significantly different ( 0.05). The bacterial abundance index (Chao1) was significantly higher in MA than SP ( < 0.05) and highly significantly higher than PZ ( < 0.01); the bacterial diversity index (Shannon) was higher in MA than PZ, but there was no significant difference, but both MA and PZ were significantly higher than SP ( < 0.05). Moreover, the intestinal bacterial community composition was significantly different among the three equine species ( = 0.001). The dominant bacterial phyla for SP, MA, and PZ were Firmicutes and Bacteroidota; among them, the bacterial family with the highest relative abundance was Lachnospiraceae and the bacterial genus was . Analysis of the metabolic gene functions of intestinal bacteria revealed that the highest relative abundance at Pathway level 2 was for global and overview maps; at Pathway level 3, the highest relative abundance was for biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. In sum, the intestinal bacterial community composition and diversity of the above three equine species differed significantly, but their metabolic gene functions were similar. Moreover, the results of this manuscript fill the gap in the study of intestinal bacterial diversity in SP, MA, and PZ. It also provides a reference for the study of the dominant bacteria in the intestinal microorganisms of these three equine species and the discovery of novel functional genes.
Copyright © 2022 Bao, Yu, He, Liu and Yang.
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Publication Date: 2022-09-07 PubMed ID: 36160217PubMed Central: PMC9490377DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.973828Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This study uses high-throughput sequencing technology to examine the diversity and function of gut bacteria in three different equine species. The research finds significant differences in bacterial communities among the species, but their metabolic functions are similar.

Objective and Methodology

  • The research aims to investigate and understand the diversity and gene function of intestinal bacteria in three equine species, specifically Shetland Pony (SP), Mongolian Wild Ass (MA), and Plain Zebra (PZ).
  • To conduct the research, the team employed high-throughput sequencing technology. This is a specialized technique that allows for the rapid sequencing of large volumes of DNA, making it ideal for such in-depth bacterial analyses.
  • The subjects comprised of these equine species kept in two wildlife parks in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in China.

Results: Bacterial Diversity

  • The results demonstrated significant differences in the abundance of intestinal bacteria among the examined species. Abundance, in this context, relates to the number or proportion of different bacterial species present in the gut.
  • This abundance index, quantified here using the Chao1 index, was significantly different only for SP among the same species in different parks.
  • In terms of diversity, measured here using the Shannon index, both MA and PZ were significantly more diverse than the SP. However, no significant difference was found between MA and PZ.
  • The difference in intestinal bacterial community composition across the three species was significantly evident.
  • The dominant bacterial phyla across all three species were Firmicutes and Bacteroidota. The most abundant bacterial family identified was Lachnospiraceae.

Results: Metabolic Genes Function

  • Despite the differences in the bacterial community composition and diversity, their metabolic gene functions were found to be similar
  • The metabolic gene function analysis revealed that pathways related to global and overview maps, along with biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, held the highest relative abundance.

Implications

  • This investigation fills previously identified gaps in understanding the intestinal bacterial diversity in SP, MA, and PZ.
  • The results could serve as a reference for further studies on the dominant bacteria in these equine species, assisting in the discovery of new functional genes.
  • Understanding these differences and similarities in gut flora amongst different species is crucial as the intestinal bacteria play a pivotal role in regulating host metabolism, immunity, and endocrinology, thus maintaining host health.

Cite This Article

APA
Bao W, Yu J, He Y, Liu M, Yang X. (2022). The diversity analysis and gene function prediction of intestinal bacteria in three equine species. Front Microbiol, 13, 973828. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.973828

Publication

Frontiers in microbiology
ISSN: 1664-302X
NlmUniqueID: 101548977
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 13
Pages: 973828
PII: 973828

Researcher Affiliations

Bao, Wuyundalai
  • College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Yu, Jinghe
  • College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
He, Yuxing
  • College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Liu, Mingchao
  • College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.
Yang, Xiaofeng
  • College of Food Science and Engineering, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China.

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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