The effect of equine-derived bone protein extract (Colloss-E) in the treatment of cavitary bone defects: an experimental study.

The study concerns the use of a bone protein extract obtained from horses (equine-derived) in treating cavities in bones, and indicates that this extract, named Colloss-E, performed better than its human-derived equivalent.

Introduction & Objective

• The study aimed to explore the role of bone protein extract (BPE), which contains a large quantity of type-I collagen and other proteins, on the treatment of cavities in bones. This was done using equine-derived BPE called Colloss-E. The performance of this extract was compared with human demineralized bone matrix (DBM).

Methodology

• The experiment utilised a model of a cavitary bone defect on the distal femoral condyle (the rounded protrusion at the end of the thigh bone) of rabbits.
• Defects of 6-mm diameter and 10-12-mm depth were created in the femoral condyles of the rabbits, dividing them into three groups. In the BPE group, the rabbit defects received 20mg of BPE. In the DBM group, a 0.3 cc of DBM was implanted. The control group had their defects left empty.

Results

• The results showed no instances of macroscopic defect collapse or failure, indicating the procedures were feasibly conducted.
• The BPE group was found to have statistically significantly better scores on a histopathological exam than both the DBM and control groups in relation to the quality of the union that was formed.
• Moreover, the BPE group showed better results in terms of graft incorporation and the formation of new bone compared to the DBM group.

Conclusion

• The research results validate previous studies on BPEs, showing that equine-derived BPE is effective in treating cavity bone defects that do not require a scaffold.