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Home / Equine Research Bank / Animals (Basel) / The Impact of MEI1 Alternative Splicing Events on Spermatoge...
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI2025; 15(23); 3435; doi: 10.3390/ani15233435

The Impact of MEI1 Alternative Splicing Events on Spermatogenesis in Mongolian Horses.

Abstract: Normal spermatogenesis in Mongolian horses depends on the mitotic division of spermatogonia, two successive meiotic divisions, and the morphological transformation of spermatids into mature spermatozoa. The gene is involved in the meiosis cycle and is required for normal chromosome association during meiosis. Previous studies have shown that alternative splicing of may promote spermatogenesis in Mongolian horses. In this paper, the regulatory effects of different alternative splicing events on Mongolian horse spermatogenesis are investigated. Results: In this study, two overexpressed lentiviral vectors with mutually exclusive exon (MXE) and skipped exon (SE) events of were constructed and successfully used to infect Sertoli cells. After 72 h of viral infection, the expression of was higher in the SE event than in the MXE event ( < 0.001), as shown by fluorescence quantification; transcriptomics and metabolomics were then used to screen and annotate the differential genes and metabolites, and 193 differentially expressed genes (comprising 109 genes, such as , and 84 genes with upregulated and downregulated expression, respectively) and 11,360 differentially expressed metabolites (comprising 7494 and 3866 metabolites with upregulated and downregulated expression, respectively) were screened. Differential genes and metabolites were mainly enriched in several metabolic pathways related to spermatogenesis. Differential genes such as , , and were highly expressed in SE events, while , , and were highly expressed in MXE events. Metabolites such as folic acid and spermine were highly expressed during SE events, while citric acid and glutathione were highly expressed during MXE events. This suggests that both MXE and SE events of the gene can promote the activity of the spermatogenesis signaling pathway. Conclusions: The MXE and SE splicing events of the gene may influence spermatogenesis by regulating the expression of spermatogenesis-related genes and metabolites. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for further investigations into the regulatory mechanisms of different alternative splicing events in Mongolian horse spermatogenesis.
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Publication Date: 2025-11-28 PubMed ID: 41375492PubMed Central: PMC12691261DOI: 10.3390/ani15233435Google Scholar: Lookup
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Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

Overview

  • This study investigates how different alternative splicing events of the MEI1 gene affect spermatogenesis in Mongolian horses by analyzing gene expression and metabolite changes in Sertoli cells.
  • The findings suggest that specific splicing variations of MEI1 regulate key genes and metabolites involved in sperm development, providing insights into reproductive biology in this species.

Introduction to Spermatogenesis and MEI1

  • Spermatogenesis is the process of sperm cell development, involving mitotic division of spermatogonia, two meiotic divisions, and transformation of spermatids into mature sperm.
  • MEI1 is a gene essential for meiosis, particularly chromosome pairing during this phase, which is crucial for the accurate distribution of genetic material.
  • Alternative splicing of MEI1 creates different transcript variants, potentially influencing how effectively spermatogenesis proceeds.
  • In Mongolian horses, prior research indicated that MEI1 splicing might enhance spermatogenesis efficiency, leading to this deeper investigation.

Experimental Design

  • Two lentiviral vectors were engineered, each overexpressing a specific MEI1 splice variant:
    • One containing a mutually exclusive exon (MXE) event.
    • One containing a skipped exon (SE) event.
  • These vectors were used to infect Sertoli cells, which provide structural and nutritional support for developing sperm cells.
  • The infection lasted 72 hours, after which MEI1 expression levels were quantified.
  • Following this, transcriptomic (gene expression) and metabolomic (small molecule/metabolite profiling) analyses were conducted to identify differences influenced by each splicing event.

Key Findings from Expression Analysis

  • MEI1 expression was significantly higher in cells infected with the SE variant compared to the MXE variant (< 0.001 significance level as per fluorescence quantification).
  • A total of 193 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, split into:
    • 109 upregulated genes, including notable genes linked to spermatogenesis.
    • 84 downregulated genes.
  • Significant metabolites showed differential expression with 11,360 total metabolites identified:
    • 7494 metabolites were upregulated.
    • 3866 metabolites were downregulated.

Enrichment and Pathway Analysis

  • Both differential genes and metabolites were enriched in various metabolic pathways associated with spermatogenesis, indicating that MEI1 splicing impacts these biological functions.
  • Specific genes highly expressed in the SE event included genes known to support spermatogenesis.
  • Genes such as gene names were redacted in the abstract were highly expressed in MXE events.
  • Metabolite profile distinctions included:
    • Folic acid and spermine were more abundant in SE event cells, both important for cell growth and DNA synthesis.
    • Citric acid and glutathione, which play roles in energy metabolism and oxidative stress protection, were higher in MXE event cells.
  • This differential expression suggests distinct metabolic and functional consequences of the two splice variants on spermatogenesis mechanisms.

Conclusions and Implications

  • Alternative splicing variants MXE and SE of the MEI1 gene have regulatory effects on gene and metabolite expression related to sperm development.
  • These splicing events may modulate spermatogenesis by activating or repressing specific pathways essential for normal sperm production.
  • Understanding these mechanisms provides a theoretical basis to further explore gene regulation during horse reproduction.
  • Such insights could potentially inform breeding strategies and fertility treatments in Mongolian horses and possibly other species.

Cite This Article

APA
Song D, Wang G, Baterin T, Weng Y, Dugarjaviin M, Li B. (2025). The Impact of MEI1 Alternative Splicing Events on Spermatogenesis in Mongolian Horses. Animals (Basel), 15(23), 3435. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15233435

Publication

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
ISSN: 2076-2615
NlmUniqueID: 101635614
Country: Switzerland
Language: English
Volume: 15
Issue: 23
PII: 3435

Researcher Affiliations

Song, Dailing
  • Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation (Coconstruction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010018, China.
  • Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equus Science Research and Technology Innovation, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
  • Equus Research Center, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
Wang, Guoqing
  • Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation (Coconstruction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010018, China.
  • Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equus Science Research and Technology Innovation, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
  • Equus Research Center, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
Baterin, Terigele
  • Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation (Coconstruction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010018, China.
  • Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equus Science Research and Technology Innovation, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
  • Equus Research Center, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
Weng, Yajuan
  • Baotou Municipal Animal Husbandry and Aquatic Products Extension Service Center, Hohhot 014010, China.
Dugarjaviin, Manglai
  • Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation (Coconstruction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010018, China.
  • Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equus Science Research and Technology Innovation, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
  • Equus Research Center, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
Li, Bei
  • Key Laboratory of Equus Germplasm Innovation (Coconstruction by Ministry and Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hohhot 010018, China.
  • Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Equus Science Research and Technology Innovation, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.
  • Equus Research Center, College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China.

Grant Funding

  • YLXKZX-NND-045 / Inner Mongolia Education Department Special Research Project For First Class Disciplines
  • QT202216 / The High-Level Achievement Cultivation Special Program of the College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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