FREE SHIPPING over $40
OVER 9000 FIVE-STAR REVIEWS
5% OFF ALL SUBSCRIPTIONS
100% HAPPINESS GUARANTEE
Analyze Diet
0
Home / Equine Research Bank / Clin Exp Immunol / The intravenous administration of equine antilymphocytic glo...
Clinical and experimental immunology1971; 8(4); 529-542;

The intravenous administration of equine antilymphocytic globulin in renal transplant recipients and the detection of circulating antibodies to equine globulin.

Abstract: Methods are described for the intravenous administration of equine antilymphocytic globulin (ALG) to renal transplant recipients. The development of circulating antibodies to the equine IgG has been investigated using primary and secondary immunological procedures. The need for primary immunoassay procedures to assess both the immune response and induction of tolerance to equine IgG in ALG treated patients is extensively discussed.
Get Full Text
Publication Date: 1971-04-01 PubMed ID: 4995934PubMed Central: PMC1712968
The Equine Research Bank provides access to a large database of publicly available scientific literature. Inclusion in the Research Bank does not imply endorsement of study methods or findings by Mad Barn.
LinkedInCopy
  • Journal Article

Summary

This research summary has been generated with artificial intelligence and may contain errors and omissions. Refer to the original study to confirm details provided. Submit correction.

This research investigates the method for using equine antilymphocytic globulin (ALG) intravenously in kidney transplant recipients and the process of tracking the development of antibodies against equine IgG. Additionally, it emphasizes the requirement for primary immunoassay procedures for the assessment of both the immune response and the introduction of tolerance to equine IgG in patients treated with ALG.

Administration of Equine Antilymphocytic Globulin

  • The study explores ways to give equine ALG intravenously to recipients of kidney transplants. Equine ALG is an immunosuppressive drug used to prevent organ rejection in transplant patients.
  • The method mentioned here involves direct injections into the bloodstream, making it an invasive approach that will need to be carried out with the utmost precision and care.
  • This part of the study aims to optimize this process, which could minimize potential risks and adverse reactions associated with the administration of the drug.

Detection of Circulating Antibodies Against Equine IgG

  • The research also includes the investigation of the formation of antibodies against equine IgG in the blood of these transplant recipients.
  • These antibodies are produced by the patient’s immune system in response to the equine-derived ALG injected into the patient’s body.
  • The formation of these antibodies could potentially lead to an adverse reaction or possibly reduce the effectiveness of ALG.
  • The study employs both primary and secondary immunological procedures to track this antibody development, suggesting a rigorous and reliable approach.

Primary Immunoassay Procedures

  • The study highlights the need for initial immunoassay tests to measure both the immune response and tolerance induction to equine IgG in ALG-treated patients.
  • These immunoassays are laboratory-based tests that can detect and measure specific proteins associated with different immune responses.
  • The outcome of these tests would furnish valuable insights into how well the patient’s body is accepting the equine ALG and whether the patient’s body is producing an immune response or developing tolerance to the foreign protein.
  • This data can assist in making crucial medical decisions such as whether to continue with the current treatment regimen, the need for additional interventions, or whether to alter the course of treatment completely.

Cite This Article

APA
James K, Pullar DM, Morton JB, Dalton RG, Nolan B, Woodruff MF. (1971). The intravenous administration of equine antilymphocytic globulin in renal transplant recipients and the detection of circulating antibodies to equine globulin. Clin Exp Immunol, 8(4), 529-542.

Publication

Clinical and experimental immunology
ISSN: 0009-9104
NlmUniqueID: 0057202
Country: England
Language: English
Volume: 8
Issue: 4
Pages: 529-542

Researcher Affiliations

James, K
    Pullar, D M
      Morton, J B
        Dalton, R G
          Nolan, B
            Woodruff, M F

              MeSH Terms

              • Anaphylaxis / etiology
              • Animals
              • Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic / analysis
              • Antibody Formation
              • Antilymphocyte Serum / administration & dosage
              • Antilymphocyte Serum / adverse effects
              • Antilymphocyte Serum / isolation & purification
              • Chromatography, Gel
              • Fever / etiology
              • Hemagglutination Tests
              • Horses
              • Humans
              • Immune Tolerance
              • Immunodiffusion
              • Immunoglobulin G
              • Injections, Intravenous
              • Iodine Isotopes
              • Kidney Transplantation
              • Rabbits
              • Radioimmunoassay
              • Renal Dialysis
              • Transplantation, Homologous

              References

              This article includes 33 references
              1. Weksler ME, Schwartz G, Stenzel K, Rubin A. Anaphylactic reaction to A.L.G. after induction of tolerance.. Lancet 1969 Dec 20;2(7634):1361.
                pubmed: 4188121doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(69)90895-2google scholar: lookup
              2. Diethelm AG, Busch GJ, Dubernard JM, Orr WM, Glassock RJ, Birtch AG, Murray JE. Prolongation of canine renal allografts by horse anti-dog lymphocyte serum and globulin.. Ann Surg 1969 Apr;169(4):569-77.
                pubmed: 4886852doi: 10.1097/00000658-196904000-00013google scholar: lookup
              3. LING NR. The attachment of proteins to aldehyde-tanned cells.. Br J Haematol 1961 Jul;7:299-302.
                pubmed: 13762420doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1961.tb00340.xgoogle scholar: lookup
              4. Orr WM, Birtch AG, Diethelm AG, Dubernard JM, Duquella J, Glassock RJ. A study of the potential nephrotoxicity of heterologous anti-lymphocyte serum.. Clin Exp Immunol 1970 Feb;6(2):305-11.
                pubmed: 4985162
              5. Benedict AA. Sensitivity of passive haemagglutination for assay of 7S and 19S antibodies in primary rabbit anti-bovine serum albumin sera.. Nature 1965 Jun 26;206(991):1368-9.
                pubmed: 5891369doi: 10.1038/2061368b0google scholar: lookup
              6. Day JH, Farr RS. The coexistence of antibody with antigen during immunological paralysis to BSA.. Immunology 1966 Dec;11(6):571-88.
                pubmed: 5954774
              7. Iwasaki Y, Porter KA, Amend JR, Marchioro TL, Zühlke V, Starzl TE. The preparation and testing of horse antidog and antihuman antilymphoid plasma or serum and its protein fractions.. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1967 Jan;124(1):1-24.
                pubmed: 6016025
              8. Monaco AP, Wood ML, Russell PS. Some effects of purified heterologous antihuman lymphocyte serum in man.. Transplantation 1967 Jul;5(4):Suppl:1106-14.
                pubmed: 4860604doi: 10.1097/00007890-196707001-00046google scholar: lookup
              9. Taub RN, Kochwa S, Brown SM, Rubin AD, Dameshek W. Antigen-induced immunological tolerance in man to equine anti-human-thymocyte gamma-globulin.. Lancet 1969 Sep 6;2(7619):521-3.
                pubmed: 4184841doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(69)90219-0google scholar: lookup
              10. Klinman NR, Rockey JH, Frauenberger G, Karush F. Equine anti-hapten antibody. 3. The comparative properties of gamma G- and gammaA-antibodies.. J Immunol 1966 Apr;96(4):587-95.
                pubmed: 5936286
              11. Henney CS. The specificity of the early immune response. I. A comparison of the specificity of delayed hypersensitivity and humoral responses following immunization with human gammaG globulin.. J Immunol 1969 Sep;103(3):519-27.
                pubmed: 4979779
              12. Cohen BJ, de Vries MJ, van Noord MJ, Lubbe FH. Strain-specific renal toxicity of heterologous antilymphocyte gamma-globulin in mice.. Transplantation 1970 Jul;10(1):1-19.
                pubmed: 4912986doi: 10.1097/00007890-197007000-00001google scholar: lookup
              13. Kashiwagi N, Brantigan CO, Brettschneider L, Groth CG, Starzl TE. Clinical reactions and serologic changes after the administration of heterologous antilymphocyte globulin to human recipients of renal homografts.. Ann Intern Med 1968 Feb;68(2):275-86.
                pubmed: 4181614doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-68-2-275google scholar: lookup
              14. HUNTER WM, GREENWOOD FC. Preparation of iodine-131 labelled human growth hormone of high specific activity.. Nature 1962 May 5;194:495-6.
                pubmed: 14450081doi: 10.1038/194495a0google scholar: lookup
              15. Brendel W, Land W, Hopf U, Seifert J. Induction of tolerance in man to horse-IgG.. Lancet 1969 Nov 22;2(7630):1141-2.
                pubmed: 4188086doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(69)90744-2google scholar: lookup
              16. DRESSER DW, GOWLAND G. IMMUNOLOGICAL PARALYSIS INDUCED IN ADULT RABBITS BY SMALL AMOUNTS OF A PROTEIN ANTIGEN.. Nature 1964 Aug 15;203:733-6.
                pubmed: 14207269doi: 10.1038/203733a0google scholar: lookup
              17. Dalton RG, Touraine JL, Anderson NF, Woodruff MF. Effect of route of administration of antilymphocytic globulin on skin allograft survival in rats.. Nature 1970 Mar 21;225(5238):1140-1.
                pubmed: 4907291doi: 10.1038/2251140a0google scholar: lookup
              18. BIRO CE, GARCIA G. THE ANTIGENICITY OF AGGREGATED AND AGGREGATE-FREE HUMAN GAMMA-GLOBULIN FOR RABBITS.. Immunology 1965 Apr;8(4):411-9.
                pubmed: 14279046
              19. FARR RS. A quantitative immunochemical measure of the primary interaction between I BSA and antibody.. J Infect Dis 1958 Nov-Dec;103(3):239-62.
                pubmed: 13611294doi: 10.1093/infdis/103.3.239google scholar: lookup
              20. Moberg AW, Gewurz H, Simmons RL, Najarian JS. Desensitisation to horse-globulin before immunosuppressive treatment.. Lancet 1970 Jul 25;2(7665):214.
                pubmed: 4193598doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(70)92569-9google scholar: lookup
              21. Butler WT, Rossen RD, Hersh EM, DeBakey ME, Diethrich EB, Brooks DK, Cooley DA, Nora JJ, Leachman RD, Rochelle DG, Trentin JJ, Judd KP, Beall AC Jr, Jenkins DE, Morgen RO, Knight V. Prevention of rapid immune elimination of anti-lymphocytic globulin in transplant patients.. Nature 1969 Nov 29;224(5222):856-60.
                pubmed: 4187575doi: 10.1038/224856a0google scholar: lookup
              22. Simmons RL, Moberg AW, Gewurz H, Soll R, Tallent MB, Najarian JS. Immunosuppressive assay of antilymphoblast globulin in man: effect of dose, histocompatibility, and serologic response to horse gamma globulin.. Surgery 1970 Jul;68(1):62-8.
                pubmed: 4193071
              23. Traeger J, Fries D, Revillard JP, Brochier J, Brunat-Blanc N. Antilymphocyte globulins in kidney transplantation: effects on glomerular disease.. Transplant Proc 1969 Dec;1(4):1006-12.
                pubmed: 4939685
              24. Guttmann RD, Carpenter CB, Lindquist RR, Merrill JP. Renal transplantation in the inbred rat. 3. A study of heterologous anti-thymocyte sera.. J Exp Med 1967 Dec 1;126(6):1099-126.
                pubmed: 4168367doi: 10.1084/jem.126.6.1099google scholar: lookup
              25. Cosimi AB, Skamene E, Bonney WW, Russell PS. Experience with large-dose intravenous antithymocyte globulin in primates and man.. Surgery 1970 Jul;68(1):54-61.
                pubmed: 4193070
              26. Ameniya H, Kashiwagi N, Putnam CW, Starzl TE. Cross-reactivity studies of horse, goat and rabbit anti-lymphocyte globulin.. Clin Exp Immunol 1970 Feb;6(2):279-89.
                pubmed: 4985160
              27. Clarkson AR, Morton JB, Cash JD. Urinary fibrin-fibrinogen degradation poducts after renal homotransplantation.. Lancet 1970 Dec 12;2(7685):1220-3.
                pubmed: 4098659doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(70)92181-1google scholar: lookup
              28. Minden P, Anthony BF, Farr RS. A comparison of seven procedures to detect the primary binding of antigen by antibody.. J Immunol 1969 Apr;102(4):832-41.
                pubmed: 4889750
              29. Golub ES, Weigle WO. Studies on the induction of immunologic unresponsiveness. 3. Antigen form and mouse strain variation.. J Immunol 1969 Feb;102(2):389-96.
                pubmed: 4179469
              30. GREY HM. STUDIES ON CHANGES IN THE QUALITY OF RABBIT-BOVINE SERUM ALBUMIN ANTIBODY FOLLOWING IMMUNIZATION.. Immunology 1964 Jan;7(1):82-90.
                pubmed: 14113079
              31. Brendel W. Intravenous use of high dosage of ALG.. Laval Med 1970 Feb;41(2):255-9.
                pubmed: 4929502
              32. Najarian JS, Simmons RL, Gewurz H, Moberg A, Merkel F, Moore GE. Anti-serum to cultured human lymphoblasts: preparation, purification and immunosuppressive properties in man.. Ann Surg 1969 Oct;170(4):617-32.
                pubmed: 4186508doi: 10.1097/00000658-196910000-00013google scholar: lookup
              33. Fries D, Blanc-Brunat N, Traeger J. Pathology of renal allografts in patients receiving long-term antilymphocyte globulin therapy.. Transplantation 1970 Jul;10(1):20-32.
                pubmed: 4987537doi: 10.1097/00007890-197007000-00002google scholar: lookup

              Citations

              This article has been cited 3 times.
              1. Waller M, Pierce JC, Moncure CW, Hume DM. Humoral responses in human organ transplantation.. Clin Exp Immunol 1972 Jun;11(2):173-86.
                pubmed: 4625156
              2. Davies AG, Bourne SP, Richardson RB, Czudek R, Wallington TB, Kemshead JT, Coakham HB. Pre-existing anti-mouse immunoglobulin in a patient receiving 131I-murine monoclonal antibody for radioimmunolocalisation.. Br J Cancer 1986 Feb;53(2):289-92.
                doi: 10.1038/bjc.1986.48pubmed: 3954947google scholar: lookup
              3. Jones VE, Lance EM, Abbosh J, Graves HE. Intensive immunosuppression in patients with disseminated sclerosis. II. Tolerance to equine IgG and effect on immunoglobulin and complement levels.. Clin Exp Immunol 1975 Jul;21(1):13-22.
                pubmed: 810281
              Subscribe to our newsletter
              Join 99,344 horse owners like you who receive our email updates on horse health and nutrition.